Abortion Inflicts Disabilities on Future Children

(Over 140 Disabilities Are Documented Below)

If a girl or woman has an abortion and then gets pregnant and gives birth, this newer baby is considerably more likely to be born disabled than if there never was an abortion. This document is a list of the disabilities. It also has citations showing which scientific studies prove the existence of these disabilities.

A baby can be, and often is, born with more than one of these disabilities.

The table is organized alphabetically except for the first four entries. The first three entries are placed at the top due to their extraordinary importance, explained as follows: Abortion increases the risk of the babies from following pregnancies being born prematurely or of low birth weight. It is exceedingly important not to consider this casually–Prematurity and low birth weight generally are the cause of most of the rest of the disabilities in this list.

And if you are an abortion supporter and do not believe the numerous citations showing that abortion increases the risk of prematurity and low birth weight, note the following quotation from Planned Parenthood. Planned Parenthood does hundreds of thousand abortions in United States of America annually and millions worldwide annually, so they should know. Let’s see what they say:

“When age, residence, interpregnancy interval and number of previous miscarriages were taken into account, women with one previous abortion were 1.9 times as likely as women in the comparison group, those with two previous abortions were 2.7 times as likely and those with three or more previous abortions were 2.0 – 2.2 times as likely to have a preterm birth. . . . Previous abortion was also associated with a doubling of the odds of very preterm delivery (before 34 weeks’ gestation)”. (Citation: D. Hollander, “After Abortion, Danish Women’s Odds of Preterm Delivery Are Doubled,” Family Planning Perspectives, July/August 2000, 200. This is Article 94.)

Following are the disabilities. There are over 500 citations, and the articles cited follow this table.

Disease or Condition Caused by Abortion which Disables or Handicaps Babies. These are also known as Birth Defects, but they can last a Lifetime.	Article Numbers, first Primary Article Numbers, then after each double dash, the Article Numbers referenced by Primary Article numbers. A Primary Article is known by its name: e.g., “Article 1,” “Article 2,” etc.
Low birth weight, very low birth weight, and extremely low birth weight	1–This article directly 2–This article directly 2–This article’s citation 14 5–This article’s citations 5 & 7 14–This article’s citations 1, 2, 4, & 7 15–This article directly 18–This article directly 30–This article’s citation 4 39–This article directly 45–This article directly 47–This article directly 48–This article directly 48–This article’s citation 17 49–This article directly 49–This article’s citations 51, 59, 77, 103, 110, 134, 152, 153, 154, 155, 171, 173, 174, 175, 176, & 177 94–This article directly 102–This article’s citations 5, 7, 9, & 16 105–This article directly 109–This article’s citation 9
Low birth weight not only from pregnancies following abortion, but passed on through generations.	35–This article directly 36–This article directly
Premature birth	1–This article’s citation 13 2–This article’s citations 15, 19, 21, 28, & 29 3–This article directly 4–This article directly 4–This article’s citations 6 & 7 7–This article’s citations 3 & 5 11–This article’s citation 2 12–This article directly 12–This article’s citation ? 14–This article directly 14–This article’s citation ? 16–This article directly 18–This article directly 18–This article’s citation 8 19–This article directly 19–This article’s citation 4 20–This article directly 20–This article’s citations 11, 12, & 21 22–This article directly 21–This article directly 36 26–This article directly 26–This article’s citation 2 33–This article’s citations 6, 7, & 8 39–This article directly 39–This article’s citation 14 40–This article directly 47–This article directly 48–This article directly 49–This article’s citations ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, 51, 54, 77, 110, 143, 144, & 152 101–This article’s citations ?, 1, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, & 21 102–This article’s citation 19 103–This article directly 103–This article’s citations 1, 2, & ? 109–This article’s citations 4, 5, 6, & 9 112–This article’s citations. 20 reports which may include the following: 1, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 23, & 30 115–This article’s citations 6 & 12 116–This article’s citations Ten studies not identified.
Respiratory distress syndrome–Severe impairment of the function of respiration in the premature newborn. RDS is the leading cause of death in prematurely born infants in the U.S.	23–This article’s citation 4 66–This article directly
Abnormal EEG’s. An EEG is an electroencephalogram: a graphical record of electrical activity of the brain.	37–This article’s citation 37 74–This article directly 88–This article directly
Aborters are more likely to smoke during later pregnancies. This harms developing babies, the mother, and all household occupants.	14–This article directly 21–This article’s citations 38, 39, & 40 22–This article directly 47–This article directly 103–This article directly 118–This article directly
Academic achievement problems	17–This article directly 17–This article’s citations 4, 9, & 23 43–This article directly 43–This article’s citations 18, 29, & 59 24–This article’s citations 6, 7, & 8 37–This article directly 37–This article’s citations 53 & 60 53–This article directly 57–This article’s citation 13 73–This article directly 92–This article’s citation 1 100–This article’s citations 5, 10, & 23 104–This article directly
Aggressiveness	37–This article’s citation 17
Amblyopia–The impairment of vision without detectable organic lesion of the eye.	43–This article’s citation 13
Aphasia–Usually, an injury or disease of the brain centers.	37–This article’s citation 58 43–This article’s citation 7
Apnea requiring resuscitation. Apnea is cessation of breathing.	74–This article directly
Asphyxia– A condition caused by the inadequate intake of oxygen.	23–This article’s citation 60
Asthma –A disease process that is characterized by paradoxical narrowing of the bronchi (lung passageways) making breathing difficult.	61– This article directly 117–This article directly 117–This article’s citations 31, 32, 33, & 34
Attention problems	38–This article’s citations 1, 3, 6, 10, 42, 49, 55, 59, 66 56–This article directly 56–This article’s citations 32, 51, 52, 53, 54, & 55 100–This article directly 100–This article’s citations 8, 9, & 10
Autism–1. Mental introversion in which the attention or interest is faceted upon the patient’s own ego. 2. A self centered state from which reality tends to be excluded.	37–This article directly 37–This article’s citations 30 & 47
Bad temper	38–This article directly 89–This article directly
Behavioral problems	1–This article’s citation 15 37–This article directly 37–This article’s citations 17 & 58 38–This article directly 38–This article’s citations 1, 3, 6, 10, 22, 23, 24, 42, 49, 55, 59, & 66 43–This article’s citation 29 44–This article’s citations 1, 13, 14, 15, & 16 49–This article’s citation 150 53–This article directly 55–This article’s citations 2 & 4 56–This article directly 56–This article’s citations 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, & 32 57–This article’s citations 10 & 41 59b–This article’s citation 35 82–This article’s citations 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, & 10 85–This article’s citation 4 90–This article directly 104–This article directly 104–This article’s citations 10, 11, 12, & 13 107–This article’s citations 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, & 8 110–This article directly 117–This article directly 117–This article’s citations 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 28, 29, & 30
Bilateral blindness–blind in both eyes.	41–This article directly
Birth defects can be passed on from generation to generation	35–This article directly 36–This article directly 72–This article directly
Bladder control development delay	43–This article directly
Blindness	23–This article’s citations 27, 48, & 49 41–This article directly 43–This article’s citation 44 61–This article directly 74–This article directly 75–This article directly 104–This article directly 114–This article’s citation 34
Bronchiolitis –Inflammation of the larger air passages of the lungs, usually secondary to viral infection.	74–This article directly
Broncho pneumonia– Inflammation of the lungs which usually begins in the terminal bronchioles.	74–This article directly
Cerebral diplegia– Paralysis of corresponding parts on both sides of the body.	89–This article directly
Cerebral dysfunction–One form of brain dysfunction.	88–This article directly
Cerebral palsy– A loss or deficiency of motor control with involuntary spasms caused by permanent brain damage present at birth.	23–This article’s citations 29, 45, 47, 48, 49 25–This article directly 37–This article’s citations 11, 17, 34, 35, & 56 41–This article directly 43–This article’s citations 2, 28, 29, 45, 49a 57–This article directly 62–This article directly 64–This article directly 64–This article’s citation 3 85–This article’s citation 4 90–This article directly 91–This article directly 93–This article’s citation 22 101–This article directly 101–This article’s citation 1 102–This article directly 102–This article’s citation 2 106–This article directly 106–This article’s citations 3, 4, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 19, 20, & 21 109–This article directly 111–This article directly 112–This article directly 113–This article’s citations 24 & 27 114–This article directly 115–This article directly 115–This article’s citations 4, 5, 6, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, & 36 119–This article directly 121–This article directly
Cerebral ventriculomegaly–A separation of cavities in the brain.	114–This article directly
Childhood accidents	37–This article directly 37–This article’s citations 30 & 47 65–This article directly
Concomitant strabismus–A condition due to faulty insertion of the eye muscles resulting in the same amount of deviation regardless of the direction of the gaze.	43–This article’s citation 13
Confusion	37–This article’s citation 49 85–This article’s citation 5
Congenital anomalies–A deviation present at birth.	1–This article directly 1–This article’s citation 3 22–This article directly 42–This article’s citation 29 65–This article directly
Congenital defects–A defect present at birth.	23–This article’s citations 29 & 70 43–This article’s citation 29
Convulsions–An intense, paroxysmal, involuntary muscular contraction.	62–This article directly 88–This article directly
Convulsive disorder–Any disorder which results in a convulsion. See above entry.	11–This article directly 55–This article directly 67–This article’s citation 1
Cyanotic attacks–A bluish discoloration due to not enough oxygen in the blood.	62–This article directly
Day dreaming	56–This article’s citation 1
Deafness	41–This article directly 43–This article’s citation 46 62–This article directly 64–This article’s citation 1 75–This article directly 93–This article’s citations 1 & 22
Death	1–This article directly 1–This article’s citations 3, 12, 13, & 16 4–This article directly 7–This article directly 11–This article’s citation 2 15–This article directly 20–This article directly 26–This article directly 27–This article directly 29–This article’s citation 48 31–This article directly 32–This article directly 35–This article directly 37–This article directly 39–This article directly 39–This article’s citation 14 43–This article directly 43–This article’s citations 36 & 52 62–This article directly 62–This article’s citations 1, 2, & 3 118–This article’s citations 1, 2, 3, & 4 65–This article directly 66–This article directly 67–This article directly 69–This article’s citation 19 76–This article directly 79–This article’s citation 9 80–This article’s citation 70 95–This article directly 98–This article directly 101–This article’s citations 1 & 6 110–This article directly 110–This article’s citations 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 18, 22 112–This article directly 113–This article directly
Deviating gait	53–This article directly
Disorganization	37–This article directly 37–This article’s citation 49 85–This article’s citation 5
Disturbing dreams	38–This article directly
Dull minds	57–This article directly 73–This article directly 87–This article directly 90–This article directly
Epilepsy–The paroxysmal transient disturbances of brain function that may be manifested as episodic impairment or loss of consciousness, abnormal motor phenomena, psychic or sensory disturbances, or perturbation of the autonomic nervous system.	23–This article’s citation 46 37–This article’s citation 34 38–This article’s citations 6 & 36 85–This article’s citation 4 106–This article directly 106–This article’s citations 1, 2, 5 114–This article directly 119–This article directly
Extreme irascibility	38–This article directly
Eye diseases not including Retrolento Fibroplasia	43–This article’s citation 29
Fear	38–This article’s citations 1, 3, 6, 10, 42, 49, 55, 59, 66 89–This article directly 90–This article directly
Gastrointestinal diseases	43–This article’s citation 29
Greater tendency to be schizoid (having symptoms similar to but less severe than schizophrenia)	37–This article’s citation 58
Guilt	80–This article’s citation 33
Hallucinations	37–This article’s citation 58
Hearing defects	23–This article directly 23–This article’s citations 48 & 49 37–This article’s citations 58 & 17 42–This article directly 43–This article’s citations 26 & 46 64–This article’s citation 1 93–This article’s citations 1, 6, 7, 11, 17, 20, & 22 106–This article directly 114–This article directly
Heart disease	15–This article directly 59–This article directly 59–This article directly
Hemiplegia–Paralysis of one side of the body.	25–This article directly 43–This article’s citation 45 89–This article directly
High school dropout	37–This article directly 37–This article’s citation 23 85–This article directly
Homosexuality	37–This article directly
Hydrocephalus–A brain condition typically characterized by enlargement of the head.	41–This article directly 104–This article directly
Hyperactivity–General restlessness or excessive movement such as that characterizing children with attention deficit disorder or hyperkinesis.	37–This article directly 37–This article’s citations 49, 50, 58, >, & 66 56–This article directly 88–This article directly
Hyperkinesis– Abnormally increased muscular movement; spasm.	37–This article directly
Hypotonia– A condition of diminished tone of the skeletal muscles, diminished resistance of muscles to passive stretching.	22–This article directly
Impaired abstract reasoning	43–This article directly
Increased lower respiratory tract infections	65–This article directly
Increased masturbation–(Not specified if this is infant masturbation)	38–This article directly
Inguin hernia– The protrusion of a loop or knuckle of an organ or tissue through an abnormal opening in the groin.	74–This article directly 89–This article directly
Insecurity	37–This article directly 90–This article directly
Intercranial hemorrhage– Bleeding within the skull.	86–This article directly
Intraparenchymal periventricular echodensity–This has to do with bleeding in the brain.	15–This article directly
Intraventricular hemorrhage–is a bleeding of the brain’s ventricular system.	23–This article’s citation 16 25–This article’s citations 7 & 8 96–This article directly 99–This article directly 114–This article directly
Irritability	38–This article’s citations 1, 3, 6, 10, 42, 49, 55, 59, & 66
Jaundice– Yellow staining of the skin and scleare (the whites of the eyes) by abnormally high blood levels of the bile pigment billirubin.	23–This article’s citations 31, 33, 45, & 60 43–This article’s citation 45
Lack of concentration ability	37–This article’s citations 17, 20, & 55 38–This article’s citations 1, 3, 6, 10, 42, 49, 55, 59 & 66 90–This article directly
Lack of fusion of sight–. The blending of slightly different images from each eye into a single perception.	43–This article directly
Lack of stereoscopic sight–The single perception of a slightly different image from each eye, resulting in depth perception.	43–This article directly
Language development problems	17–This article directly 37–This article’s citations 13, 26, & 51
Learning disability	107–This article directly 107–This article’s citations 1, 3, 34, & 36 117–This article directly
Less ability with arithmetic	37–This article directly 57–This article directly 107–This article directly
Less physical growth	37–This article directly 89–This article directly 104–This article directly
Lesser writing ability	57–This article’s citation 7
Life-threatening infections	21–This article directly
Lower abstract reasoning ability	43–This article directly 54–This article directly
Lower athletic ability	56–This article directly
Lower comprehension ability	37–This article’s citations 13, 14, 26, & 51 38–This article’s citation 55 53–This article directly 54–This article directly 55–This article directly 84–This article directly 100–This article directly 101–This article directly
Lower Developmental Quotient–A number expressing the development of a child.	17–This article directly 37–This article’s citations 16 & 17 38–This article’s citation 40 52–This article directly 57–This article’s citation 14 73–This article directly 87–This article directly
Lower gross and fine motor patterning (Motor Skill: an act or task that has a goal to achieve voluntary body or limb movement.)	37–This article directly 53–This article directly
Lower motility patterning (Motility is the ability to move spontaneously.)	53–This article directly
Lower oral language capabilities	37–This article’s citation 66 53–This article directly 84–This article directly
Lower reading ability	17–This article directly 37–This article’s citations 58, 60, & 66 43–This article’s citation 59 53–This article directly 53–This article’s citations 9, 11, & 23 57–This article’s citations 7, 12, & 13 63–This article directly 85–This article’s citation 4 104–This article directly 107–This article directly 107–This article’s citations 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, & 8 120–This article directly
Lower scores on Griffiths Developmental Scale	42–This article directly
Lower scores on measures of all levels of intelligence	17–This article directly
Lower scores on measures of all levels of mental development	38–This article’s citations 42
Lower social competence	56–This article directly
Lower T.M.L. test scores	87–This article directly
Lower test scores on Vineland Adaptive Behavior Test (This is a test used to quantify the ability of mentally retarded and developmentally delayed individuals to live independently.)	37–This article’s citation 43 57–This article’s citation 10 104–This article directly
Lower visuomotor competence– Denoting the ability to synchronize visual information with physical movement.	37–This article directly
Lower weight later	89–This article directly
Mental development problems	17–This article directly 23–This article’s citation 4 38–This article directly 38–This article’s citations 30 & 42
Microcephely– An abnormally small head of a newborn because the brain has not developed properly or has stopped growing.	37–This article’s citations 11 & 37 43–This article’s citations 13 & 29 55–This article directly 67–This article’s citation 1
Mother more likely to abuse child	78–This article’s citations 25 & 27
Mother more likely to neglect child	78–This article’s citations 25 & 27
Motor behavior problems (Motor Skill: an act or task that has a goal to achieve voluntary body or limb movement.)	23–This article’s citation 64 37–This article directly 37–This article’s citation 66 43–This article directly 53–This article’s citation 22 56–This article directly 57–This article’s citations 24 & 32 59b–This article directly 85–This article’s citation 5 97–This article directly 104–This article directly 104–This article’s citations 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, & 39 107–This article directly 107–This article’s citations 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, & 15
Multiple handicaps	23–This article’s citation 70 37–This article’s citations 43 & 58 41–This article directly 43–This article’s citation 66 62–This article directly 64–This article’s citation 1 75–This article directly 93–This article’s citations 1 & 22 117-This article directly
Myopia–Near sightedness.	37–This article’s citations 5, 11, & 37
Negativism	38–This article’s citation 59
Neonatal sepsis–Infection of the baby within the first six months after birth.	21–This article’s citations 29 & 30
Nervousness	37–This article’s citation 17 38–This article’s citation 1
Neurological abnormalities–An abnormality or disease of the nervous system.	17–This article directly 17–This article’s citations 4, 5, 9, & 24 23–This article’s citations 47 or 48, & 49 42–This article’s citation 13
Neurological functioning problems	37–This article directly
Neuropathy–Having functional disturbances and/or pathological changes in the peripheral nervous system	38–This article’s citation 6
Neurophysiological immaturity–An immature physiology of the nervous system.	37–This article’s citation 51
Oedema– The presence of abnormally large amounts of fluid in the intercellular tissue spaces of the body.	62–This article directly
Organic brain damage	37–This article’s citations 13, 14, & 26
Orthopedic problems (Orthopedic–The branch of medicine that deals with the prevention or correction of disorders of the bones and associated muscles and joints.)	93–This article’s citation 1
Pain	41–This article directly
Passiveness	37–This article’s citation 17
Periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage–A type of brain injury.	99–This article directly 99–This article’s citations 1, 6, 11, 12, 13, 19, & 21
Physical development problems	77–This article directly
Pneumonia	65–This article’s citations 3, 4, 5, & 6 74–This article directly 89–This article directly
Poly-syndactyly babies– multiple webbing or fusion between fingers or toes.	50–This article directly
Poor bonding	80–This article directly
Poor sleep	38–This article’s citations 1, 3, 6, 10, 32, 42, 49, 55, 59, & 66
Problems in 7 specified areas of oral language development	84–This article directly
Psychopathy–Any disease of the mind.	38–This article’s citation 6
Pulmonary hyaline membranes (Pulmonary hyaline–A respiratory disease of the newborn, especially the premature infant, in which the membrane composed of proteins and dead cells lines the alveoli (the tiny air sacs in the lung), making gas exchange difficult or impossible.	43–This article’s citation 40
Reading disorders	37–This article’s citation 28 53–This article’s citations 1, 9, 11, & 23 107–This article’s citations 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, & 8 120–This article directly
Respiratory disease	29–This article directly 29–This article’s citation 49a
Retardation in learning to talk	38–This article directly 38–This article’s citations 17, 27, 55 & 65
Retardation in learning to walk	38–This article’s citations 3 & 65
Retrolental fibroplasia–Abnormal replacement of the sensory retina by fibrous tissue and blood vessels.	23–This article’s citations 27, 48, & 49 37–This article’s citations 11 & 37 43–This article directly 64–This article directly 71–This article directly
Seizures	88–This article directly
Severe growth stunting	74–This article directly 104–This article directly
Severe limitations in cognition (Cognition is the mental process of knowing, thinking, learning, and judging.)	41–This article directly 104–This article directly
Severe limitations in self-care	41–This article directly
Severe limitations in sensation	41–This article directly
Shorter stature later	37–This article’s citations 1 & 37 89–This article directly 106–This article directly
Shyness	37–This article’s citation 17 38–This article directly 38–This article’s citations 1, 3, 6, 10, 42, 49, 55, 59, & 66
Skin disease	43–This article’s citation 29
Spastic diplegia or Little’s disease–A form of cerebral palsy.	23–This article directly 25–This article directly 38–This article’s citation 36 42–This article’s citation 27 64–This article directly 111–This article directly
Spastic hemiplegia– Paralysis of one side of the body.	43–This article’s citation 45
Spastic quadriplegia–paralysis of all four limbs.	74–This article directly 88–This article directly
Speech defects	88–This article directly
Speech distortions	43–This article’s citations 29 & 59
Speech omissions	43–This article’s citations 29 & 59
Speech substitutions	43–This article’s citations 29 & 59
Squint	53–This article’s citation 22 88–This article directly
Strabismus–A condition in which the visual axes of the eyes are not parallel and the eyes appear to be looking in different directions.	37–This article’s citations 11 & 37 43–This article’s citations 13 & 29 55–This article directly 67–This article’s citation 1
Strokes	15–This article directly 59–This article directly 59–This article directly
Subcortical paroxysmal abnormalities–Sudden onset of a symptom or disease in the subcortex (beneath the cerebral cortex.	74–This article directly
Sudden infant death syndrome– A syndrome marked by the sudden death of an infant that is unexpected by history and remains unexplained after a thorough forensic autopsy and a detailed death scene investigation.	75–This article directly
Unilateral blindness–Blindness in one eye.	41–This article directly
Volitional disturbances–Deliberate disturbances	38–This article’s citation 48

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Citations for

“Abortion Inflicts Disabilities on Future Children”

Article 1: Steven J. Funderburk, M.D., Donald Guthrie, Ph.D., and David Meldrum, M.D., “Suboptimal pregnancy outcome among women with prior abortions and premature births,” American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 126, no. 1., 55-60. [The date of publication was cut off but a note in it says accepted for publication on 11/18/75.]

Citations from this article:

3. Butler, N., and Bonham, D.: “Perinatal mortality.” Edinburgh, 1963. E. & S. Livingstone, Ltd., p. 288.

12. Ontario Department of Health: “Supplement to the Second Report of the Perinatal Mortality Study in Ten University Teaching Hospitals.” Ontario Perinatal Mortality Study Committee, Toronto, Canada, 1967.

13. Pantelakis, S., Papadimitriou, G., and Doxiadis, S.: “Influence of induced and spontaneous abortions on the outcome of subsequent pregnancies,” AM. J. OBSTET. GYNECOL. 116: 799, 1973.

15. Rubin, R., Rosenblatt, C., and Balow, B.: “Psychological and educational sequelae of prematurity,” Pediatrics 52: 352, 1973.

16. Shapiro, S., Ross, L., and Levine, H.: “Relationship of selected prenatal factors to pregnancy outcome and congenital anomalies,” Am. J. Public Health 55: 268, 1965.

Article 2:Eric Bernhard Obel, “Long-term sequelae following legally induced abortion,” Danish Medical Bulletin, April 1980, 61-73.

Citations from this article:

14. Hungarian Central Statistical Office: “The effect of the number of abortions on premature births and perinatal mortality in Hungary,” Budapest 1972.

15. Koller, O. & Eikhom, S. N.: “Late sequelae of induced abortion in primigravidae.” Acta Obstet Gynecol 1977: 56 311.

19. von Lembrych, S.: Schwangerschafts – Geburts – und Wochenbett “verlauf nach kunstlicher Unterbrechung der ersten Graviditat,” Zentralbl Genaecol 1972: 94: 164.

21. Moriyama, Y. L. & Hirokawa, O.: “The relationship between artificial termination of pregnancy and abortion or premature birth, In Harmful effects of induced abortion,” (ed. Moriyama, Y.) p. 64. Tokyo 1966.

28. Pantelakis, S. N., Papadimitriou, G. C. and Doxuadush, S. A.: “Influence of induced and spontaneous abortions on the outcome of subsequent pregnancies,” Am J. Obstet Gynecol 1973: 116: 779.

29. Papavangelou, G., Vrettas, A. S., Papadotas, C. and Alexiou, D.: “The effect of spontaneous and induced abortion on prematurity and birthweight,” J Obstet Gynecol Br Commw 1973: 80: 418.

Article 3: “Late Sequelae of Induced Abortion in Primigravidae: The Outcome of the Subsequent Pregnancies,” Oddmund Koller and Siri Nome Eikhom, Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand, 56 (1977).

Article 4: John A. Richardson and Geoffrey Dixon, “Effects of legal termination on subsequent pregnancy,” British Medical Journal, 29 May 1976, 1303, 1303-4.

Citations from this article:

6. Jurokovski, M D, and Sukarov, L, International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 1971, 9, 111. [Richardson and Dixon cite the page as 111, but it is 115. Also, “Jurokovski” spells his own name “Jurukovski.”]

7. Klinger, A, International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstretics, 1970 8, 680. [Richardson and Dixon cite the page as 680, but it is 691.]

Article 5: Janet R. Daling, Ph.D., and Irvin Emanuel, M.D., “Induced abortion and subsequent outcome of pregnancy in a series of American women,” The New England Journal of Medicine, 8 December 1977, 1241-5.

Citations from this article:

5. Czeizel A, Bognar Z, Tusnady G, et al: “Changes in mean birth weight and proportion of low-weight births in Hungary,” Br J Prev Soc Med 24:146-153, 1970

7. Bognar Z, Czeizel A: “Mortality and morbidity of legal abortion in Hungary,” 1960-1973: Am J Public Health 66:568-575, 1976

Article 7: Janet R. Daling and Irvin Emanuel, “INDUCED ABORTION AND SUBSEQUENT OUTCOME OF PREGNANCY: A Matched Cohort Study,” THE LANCET, 26 July 1975, 170-172.

Citations from this article:

3. Papaevangelou, G., Vrettos, A. S., Papadatos, C., Alexiou, D. J. Obstet. Gynaec. Br. Commonw, 1973 80, 418.

5. Pantelakis, S. N., Papadimitrious, G. C., Doxiadis, S. A. Am. J. Obstet. Gynec. 1973, 116, 799.

Article 11: “Latent Morbidity after Abortion,” British Medical Journal, 3 March 1973.

Citation from this article:

2. Butler, N R., and Bonham, D. G., Perinatal Mortality, London Livingstone (1963).

Article 12: Andras Klinger, L.L.D., “Demographic consequences of the Legalization of Induced Abortion in Eastern Europe,” International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, September 1970, 690-691.

Citations from this article:

13. “Data of Family Planning, Birth Control and Abortions,” Central Statistical Office, Budapest, 1963.

14. Miltenyi, K. “A muvi vetelesek demografiai jelentosege (Demographic significance of induced abortions),” Demografia (Budapest), 4: 419, 1964.

15. “Sampling Study on Births and Abortions,” Central Statistical Office, Budapest, 1966.

16. “Szabady, E. Hungarian fertility and family planning studies.” Presented at the Sixth Conference of the Europe and Near East Region of the IPPF [International Planned Parenthood Federation], Budapest, 1969.

Article 14: Carol J. Hogue, Ph.D., M.P.H., “Low birth weight subsequent to induced abortion: A historical prospective study of 948 women in Skopje, Yugoslavia,” American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1 December 1975, 675-81.

Citations from this article:

1. Barsy, G., and Sarkany, J.: Demogarfia, 6: 428, 1963.

2. Furusawa, Y., and Kowa, T.: “In Harmful Effects of Induced Abortion,” Tokyo, 1966, Family Planning Federation of Japan.

3. Hogue, C.J.: “Prematurity subsequent to induced abortion in Skopje, Yugoslavia: An historical prospective study,” doctoral dissertation, 1973. The University of North Carolina.

4. Hungarian Central Statistical Office: “Perinatal Mortality, Budapest, 1972,” Hungarian Central Statistical Office.

5. Jurukovski, J.N.: Proc. R. Soc. Med. 62: 830, 1969.

6. Lindahl, J.: “Somatic complications Following Legal Abortions,” Stockholm, 1959. Scandinavian Univ. Books.

7. Miltenyi, K.: Demografia 7:73, 1964.

8. Roht, L.H., and Aoyama, H.: AM. J. OBSTET. GYNECOL. (In PRESS).

9. World Health Organization: “Technical Report Series No. 461,” 1970.

Article 15: “When Does Heart Disease Begin?,” Family Planning Perspectives, January/February 1997, 4.

Article 16: Yutaka Moriyama, M.D. and Osamu Hirokawa, M.D., “The Relationship between Artificial Termination of Pregnancy and Abortion of Premature Birth,” (publication not named) Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Tokyo University Branch Hospital, 64-73.

Article 17: Rosalyn A. Rubin, Ph.D., Cynthia Rosenblatt, M.A., and Bruce Balow, Ph.D., “Psychological and Educational Sequelae of Prematurity,” Pediatrics 52: 352, 1973.

Citations from this article:

4. Caputo, D., and Mandell, W.: “Consequences of low birth weight,” Develop. Pschol., 3:363, 1970.

5. Eaves, L., Nuttall, J., Klonoff, H., and Dunn, H.: “Developmental and psychological test scores in children of low birth weight,” Pediatrics, 45:9, 1970.

9. Wiener, G., Rider, R., Oppel, W., and Harper, D.: “Correlates of low birth weight. Psychological status at eight to ten years of age,” Pediat. Res., 2:110, 1968.

23. DeHirsch, K., Janski, J., and Landford, W.: “Comparison between prematurely and maturely born children at three age levels,” Amer. J. Orthopsychiat., 36:616, 1966.

24. Wiener, G., Rider, F., Oppel, W., Fischer, L., and Harper, P.: “Correlates of low birth weight: Psychological status at six to seven years of age,” Pediatrics, 35:434, 1965.

Article 18: Obel, E., “Pregnancy Complications Following Legally Induced Abortion with Special Reference to Abortion Technique,” Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 58: 147-152, 1979

Citation from this article:

8. Obel, E.B., “Pregnancy complications following legally induced abortion: An analysis of the composition of the population examined with special reference to factors correlated with prematurity.” (To be published.)

Article 19: Papaevangelou, G., Vrettos, A.S., Papadatos, C., and Alexiou, D., “The Effect of Spontaneous and Induced Abortion on Prematurity and Birthweight,” The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the British Commonwealth, May 1973, Vol. 80, pp. 418-422.

Citation from this article:

4. Miltenyi, Y.[Moriyama Y.L.?], and Hirokawa, O. (1966): In “Harmful Effects of Induced Abortion”, Family Planning Federation Of Japan, Tokyo, p.64.

Article 20: Harlap, S. and A. M. Davies, “Late sequelae of induced abortion: complications and outcome of pregnancy and labor,” Am J Epidemiol 102: 217-224, 1975.

Citations from this article:

11. Moriyana Y, Hirkawa O: “The relationship between artificial termination of pregnancy and abortion or premature birth.” In: “Harmful Effects of Induced Abortion.” Family Planning Federation of Japan, 1966, pp 64-73

12. Doletal A, Andrasova V, Tittlbachova S, et al: “Interruptions of pregnancy and their relations to premature labours and hypotrophic foetuses.” Cesk Gynekil 36:331, 1970

21. Czeizel A, Bognar Z: “Changes in mean birth weight and proportion of low-weight births in Hungary.” Br J Prev Soc Med 24 146-153, 1970

Article 21: “Induced Abortion as a Contributing Factor in Maternal Mortality or Pregnancy-Related Death in Women,” Association for Interdisciplinary Research In Values and Social Change, Research Bulletin,

Vol. 10 No. 3 November/December 1996.

Citations from this article:

29. “Reproductive history and the risk of neonatal sepsis,” M. Germain, MA Krohn, JR Daling, Pediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology, 9:48, 1995

30. “Reproductive History and Intrapartum Fever,” D Sturchler, F Menegoz, JR Daling, Gynecol. Obstet. Invest. 21:182, 1986.

36. “Induced Abortion: Microbiological Screening and Medical Complications,” B Stray-Pederson et al, Infection 19, (5):105, 1991

38. “Low Birth Weight in Relation to Multiple Induced Abortions,” MT Mandelson et al, Am J, Public Health 82(3):391, March 1992.

39. “Outcome of First Delivery After Second Trimester Two Stage Induced Abortion: A Controlled Historical Cohort Study,” O Meririk et al, Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 63(1):45, 1984

40. “Pregnancy complications following legally induced abortion: An analysis of the population with special reference to prematurity,” EB Obel, Danish Medical Bulletin 26:192, 1979

Article 22: Erik B. Obel, “Pregnancy complications following legally induced abortion: An analysis of the population with special reference to prematurity,” Danish Medical Bulletin, July 1979, 192-199.

Article 23: Davies, Pamela A, M.D., F.R.C.P, D.C.H., Stewart, Ann L., M.B., Ch.B., D.C.H., “Low-birth-weight infants: neurological sequelae and later intelligence,” Department of Pediatrics and Neonatal Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, London and Institute of Child Health, London

Citations from this article:

4. Bacola, E., Behrle, F.C., De Schweinitz, L., Miller, H.C. & Mira, M. (1966) Am J. Dis. Child. 112, 359-368

16. Cole, V.A., Durbin, G.M., Olaffson, A, Reynolds, E.O.R., Rivers, R.P.A. & Smith, J.F. (1974) Arch. Dis. Child. 49, 722-728

27. Drillien, C.M. (1964) The growth and development of the prematurely born infant. Livingstone, Edinburgh

29. Drillien, C.M. (1968) In: Jonxis, J.H.P., Visser, H.K.A. & Trolestra, J.A., ed. “Aspects of praematurity and dysmaturity,” pp. 287-302 (Nutricia Symposium, Groningen, 10-12 May 1967). Stenfert Kroese, Leiden

31. Fitzhardinge, P.M. & Ramsay, M. (1973) Dev. Med. Child Neurol. 15, 447-459

33. Francis-Williams, J. & Davies, P.A. (1974) Dev. Med. Child Neurol. 16, 709-728

45. Lancet (1973) 2, 487-488

46. Lilienfeld, A.M. & Pasamanick, b. (1955) Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 70, 93-101

47. Lubchenco, L.O. et al. (1972) J. Pediatr. 80, 501-508

48. Lubchenco, L.O., Horner, F.A., Reed. L.H., Hix, I.E., Jr, Metcalf, D., Cohig, R., Elliott, H.C. & Bourg, M. (1963) Am J. Dis Child. 106, 101-115

49. McDonald, A. (1967) “Children of very low birth weight,” (M.E.I.U. Research Monograph no. 1). Heinmann Medical, London

60. Stewart, A.L. & Reynolds, E.O.R. (1974) Pediatrics (Springfield) 54, 724-735

64. Wiener, G., Rider, R.V., Opel, W. C. & Harper, P.A. (1968) Pediatri. Res. 2, 110-118

70.Yerushalmy, J., Van den Berg, B.J., Erhardt, C.L. & Jacobziner, H. (1965) Am. J. Dis. Child. 109, 43-57

Article 24: Cecelia M. McCarton, M.D., “Results at Age 8 Years of Early Intervention for Low-Birth-Weight Premature Infants, Jama, 8 January 1997, 126.

Citations from this article:

6. Klebanov PK, Brooks-Gunn J, McCormick MC,. “Classroom behavior of very low birth weight elementary school children,” Pediatrics. 1994;94:700-708.

7. McCormick MC, Brooks-Gunn J, Workman-Daniels K, Turner J, Peckham GJ, “The health and . . . ” See next.

8 – 11 Sorry, the photocopy of this article was cut-off, and therefore the citations for these are not available here.

Article 25: Schedule, Diana E., Ph.D., Berg, Cynthia J., M.D., Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshlyn, M.D., Boyle Coleen A., Ph.D., and Decoufle, Pierre, Sc.D., “Prenatal magnesium sulfate exposure and the risk for cerebral palsy or mental retardation among very low-birth-weight children aged 3 to 5 years.”

Citations from this article:

7. Graziani L J, Pasto M, Stanley C, et all. “Neonatal neurosonographic correlates of cerebral palsy in preterm infants.” Pediatrics. 1986;78:88-95.

8. de L Costello AM, Hamilton PA, Baudin J, et all. “Prediction of neurodevelopmental impairment at four years from brain ultrasound appearance of very preterm infants.” Dev Med Child Neurol. 1988;30:711-723.

Article 26: Jekel, James F., M.D, MPH, Harrison, Jean T., MPH, Bancroft D.R.E., Mphil, Tyler, Natalie C., RN, BA, and Kerman, Lorraine, V. DrPH, “A comparison of the health of index and subsequent Babies born to school age mothers,” AJPH April, 1975, Vol. 65, No. 4

Citation from this article:

2. Waters, J., Jr. “Pregnancy in Young Adolescents.” South Med J. 62:655-658, 1969.

Article 27: Loeb, Jeanne (Analytical Statiscian), “National center series 21 for health statistices number 5,” “Weight at Birth and Survival of Newborn, by Age of Mother and Total-Birth Order, United States, Early 1950,” Washington, D.C., July 1965.

Article 29: McDonald, Thomas W., M.D., and Aaro, Leonard A., Aaro, M.D., “Medical Complications of Induced Abortions,” Southern Medical Journal, May 1974 — Vol 67, No

Citations from this article:

48. Kuck M: Abortion in Czechoslovakia. Proc R Cos Med., 62:831-832, 1969.

49a. Wright CSW, Campbell S, Beazley J: “Second-trimester abortion after vaginal termination of pregnancy.” Lancet, 1:1278-1279, 1972.

Article 30: Bognar, Zoltan, M.D., and Czeizel, M.D., “Mortality and Morbidity Associated with Legal Abortion In Hungary, 1960-1973,” AJPH, June, 1976, Vol. 66.

Citations from this article:

4. Klinger, A. Ed. “A korazulottek adatai (Data on prematurity).” Budapest: Hungarian Central Statistical Office, 1970, 147 pp.

Article 31: Czeizel, A, M.D., Tunsnady, G, and Revesz, P, “Changes in mean birth weight and proportion of low-weight births in Hungary,”Brit. J. Prev. Soc. Med. I, (1970) 24. 146-153.

Article 32: Roht LH, Aoyama H, “Supplement to the second report of the perinatal mortality study ten university teaching hospitals – Ontario, Canada”

Article 33: Roht, Lewis H., M.D., MPH and Aoyama, Hideasu, M.D., MPH, “Induced abortion and its sequelae: Prematurity and spontaneous abortion,” Am. J. Obsted Gynecol.

Citations from this article:

6. Moriyama, Y., and Hirokawa, O.: “The Relationship Between Artificial Termination of Pregnancy and Abortion of Premature Birth,” in “Harmful Effects of Inducted Abortion,” the Family Planning Federation of Japan, Tokyo, 1966.

7. Wright, C. S. W., Campbell, S., and Beazley, J.: Lancet 1: 1278, 1972.

8. Sood, S. V.: Br. Med. J. 4: 5782, 1971.

Article 35: “Mothers’ Birth Weight Counts, Too,” Family Planning Perspectives, July/August 1997, 151.

[This article summary, from a publication of a Planned Parenthood affiliate, shows that low birth weight is passed from generation to generation. If abortion leads to low birth weight from pregnancies from an aborted mother, then Planned Parenthood agrees that abortion likely leads to low birth weight of future generations AND causes the deaths of some of these babies. The original article follows and is identified as Article 36.]

Article 36: R. Skjaerven, Allen J. Wilcox, Nina Oyen, Per Magnus, “Mothers’ Birth Weight and Survival of Their Offspring: Population Based Study,” British Medical Journal, 314:1376-1380, 1997.

Article 37: Caputo, D., and Mandell, W.: “Consequences of low birth weight.” Develop. Pschol., 3:363, 1970.

Citations from this article:

1. Alm, I. “The long-term prognosis for prematurely born children.” Acta Paediatricia, Stockholm 1953, 42, Suppl. 94.

5. Bell, D. A., Taylor, W. C., & Dockrell, W.B. “A ten year follow-up of low birthweight infants; Intellectual functioning.” Alberta Journal of Educations Research, 1956, 11, 220-225.

11. Dann, M., Levine, S. Z., & New, E. V. “A long-term follow-up study of small premature infants.” Pediatrics, 1964, 33, 945-960.

13. De Hirsch, K., Jansky, J. J., & Langford, W. S. T”he oral language performance of premature children and controls.” Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 1964, 29, 60-69.

14. De Hirsch, K., Jansky, J., & Langford, W.S. “Comparisons between prematurely and maturely born children at three age levels.” American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 1966, 36, 616-628.

16. Drillien, C. M. “Growth and development in a group of children of very low birthweight.” Achieves of Diseases of Children, 1958, 33, 10-18.

17. Drillien, C. M. “The incidence of mental and physical handicaps in school-age children of very low birthweight.” Pediatrics, 1961, 17, 452-464.

20. Freedman, A. M., Braine, M., Heimer, C. B., Kowlessar, M., O’Connor, W. J., Wortis, H., & Goodman, B. “The influence of hyperbilirubinemia on the early development of the premature.” Psychiatric Research Reports, 1960, 13, 107-123.

23. Harmeling, J. D., & Jones, M. B. “Birthweights of high school dropouts.” American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 1968, 38 63-66.

26. Kastein, S., & Fowler, E. P. “Language development among survivors of premature birth.” American Medical Association Archives of Otolaryngology, 1959, 69, 131-135.

28. Kawi, A. A., & Pasamanick, B. “Association of factors of pregnancy with reading disorders in childhood.” Journal of the American Medical Association, 1958, 166, 1420-1423.

30. Knobloch, H., & Pasamanick, B. “Etiologic factors in ‘early infantile autism’ and ‘childhood schizophrenia.’” Paper presented at the meeting of the 10th International Congress of Pediatrics, Lisbon, Portugal, 1962.

34. Lilienfeld, A.M., & Parkhurst, E. “A study of the association of factors of pregnancy and parturition with the development of cerebral palsy: A preliminary report.” American Journal of Hygiene, 1951, 53, 262-282.

35. Lilienfeld, A. M., & Pasamanick, B. “Association of maternal and fetal factors in the development of epilepsy. I. Abnormalities in the prenatal and paranatal periods.” Journal of the American Medical Association, 1954, 155, 719-724.

37. Lubchenco, L. O., Horner, F. A., Reed, L. H., Hix, I. E., Metcalf, D., Cohig, R., Elliott, H. C., & Bourg, M. “Sequelae of premature birth.” American Journal of Disease of Children, 1963 106, 101-115.

43. Moore, B. C. “Prematurity and adaptive behavior in mental retardates.” Arizona Medicine, 1966, 23, 589-591.

47. Pasamanick, B., & Knobloch, H. “Retrospective studies on the epidemiology of reproductive casualty: Old and new.” Merrill-Palmer Quarterly of Behavior and Development, 1966, 12, 7-26.

49. Pasamanick, B., Rogers, M. E., & Lilienfeld, A. M. “Pregnancy experience and the development of behavior disorder in children.” American Journal of Psychiatry, 1956, 112, 613-618.

50. Pollack, M., Woerner, M. G., Goldman, W., & Greenberg, I. M. “Childhood development pattern of hospitalized adult schizophrenic and non-schizophrenic patients and their siblings.” American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 1966, 36, 510-517.

51. Rabinovitch, M. S., Bibace, R., & Caplan, H. “Sequelae of prematurity: Psychological test findings.” Canadian Medical Association Journal, 1961, 84, 822-824.

55. Shiller, J. G., & Silverman, W. A. “‘Uncomplicated’” hyperbilirubinemia of prematurity.” American Journal of Diseases of Children, 1961, 101, 79-84.

56. Solkoff, N., Yaffe, S., & Weintraub, D. “Effects of handling on the development of premature infants.” Paper presented at the meeting of the Eastern Psychological Association Convention, Boston. 1967.

58. Vernon, M. “Prematurity and deafness: The magnitude and nature of the problem among deaf children.” Exceptional Children, 1967, 30, 289-298.

60. Wiener, G. “Scholastic achievement at age 12-13 of prematurely born infants.” Journal of Special Education, 1968, 2, 237-250.

66. De Hirsch, K., Jansky, J., & Langford, W.S., “Comparisons betwen prematurely and maturely born children at three age levels.” American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 1966, 36, 616-628.

Article 38: Benton, Arthur L., Ph.D., “ARTHUR L. BENTON, Ph. D., “Mental Development of Prematurely Born Children,” College of the City of New York

Citations from this article:

1. Baedorf, K. “Zur Frage des “Aufzuchtwertes”, Besonders der Geistigen Entwicklung Unreifgeborener unter 1700 g”. Geburtsgewicht. Z. Kinderheilk, 1938, 59: 218-235.

3. Brandt, P. “Das Schicksal der Fruhgeburten.” Mschr. Kinderheilk, 1924, 27:209-221.

in Adolescents.” Genet. Psychol. Monog. 1938, 20: 3-120.

6. Capper, A. “ The Fate and Development of the Immature and of the Premature Child.” Am. J. Dis. Child. 1928, 35: 262-288; 443-491.

10. Comberg, M. “Uber Schicksal und Entwicklung von Fruhgeborenen bis zum Spielund Fruhen Schulalter.” S. Kinderheilk. 1927, 43: 462-482.

17. Forschner-Boke, H. “Eine Katamnese der Fruhgeburten aus der Freiburger Kinderklinik.” Arch. Kinderheilk, 1924, 74: 20-36.

22. . “Infancy and Human Growth.” New York: Macmillian, 1928

23. . “The Mental Growth of Prematurely Born Infants.” J. Pediat. 1933, 2: 676-680.

24. Gesell, A., Amatruda, C. S., Castner, B. M., and Thompson, H. “Biographies of Child Development.” New York: Hoeber, 1938.

27. Henning, H. Der “Aufzuchtswert Fruhgeborenen.” Reichsgesundheitsblatt, 1936, 11: 203-206.

30. Korthauer, O. “Was Erreichen Wir Mit der Anstaltspflege Kleinster Fruhgeburten?” Z. Geburtsh. Gynakol. 1929, 94: 104-122.

32. Levy, S. “Uber die Korperliche und Geistige Entwicklung von Fruhbeforenen.” Jb. Kinderheilk, 1928, 121: 41-84.

36. . “Importance de la Naissance Avant Terme Dans l’Etiologie des Troubles d l’Intelligence et du Systeme Nerveruz Chez l’Enfant.” Acta paediat, 1928, 7:15-59.

40. Melcher, R. T. “Development Within the First Two Years of Infants Prematurely Born.” Child Development. 1937, 8: 1-14.

42. Mohr, G. J., and Bartelme, P.F. “Developmental Studies of Prematurely Born Children.” In Hess, J. H., Mohr, G. J., and Bartelme, P. F., “The Physical and Mental Growth of Prematurely Born Children:” Chicago, Univ. Chicago Press, 1934, 57-217.

48. Pototzky, C. “Die Schwererziehbarkeit des Kindes.” Z. Kinderheilk. 1926, 41: 88-95.

49. Ranke, S. “Re-examination of Premature Infants.” Acta paediat. 1930, 9:46-53.

55. Schoberlein, W. “Zur Frage der Entwicklung der Unreifgeborenen.” Mschr. Kinderheilk., 1938, 76:80-106.

59. Shirley, M. “Development of Immature Babies During Their First Two Years.” Child Development. 1938 9:347-360.

65. Wall, M. “Uber die Weiterentwicklung Fruhgeborener Kinder mit Besonderer Berucksichtgung Spaterer, Nervoser, Psychischer und Intellektueller Storungen.” Mschr. Geburtsh. Gynakol. 1913, 37:456-486.

66. Wallich, V., and Fruhinsholz, A. “Avenir Eloigne du Premature.” Ann. Gynecol. Obstet. 1911, 8: 625-655.

Article 39: Schoenbaum, C., M.D., MPH, Monson, Richard R., M.D., Sc.D., Stubblefield, Phillip G., M.D., Darney, Philip D., M.D., M.Sc., Ryan, Kenneth J., M.D., “Outcome of the delivery following an induced or spontaneous abortion,” from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the Department of Medicine, Boston Hospital for Women and Peter Bent Brigham Hospital Divisions of the Affiliated Center, Inc., Harvard Medical School, and the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health. Received for publication October 10, 1978. Accepted February 3, 1979.

Citation from this article:

14. Funderburk, S. J., Guthrie, D., and Meldrum D.: “Suboptimal pregnancy outcome among women with prior abortions and premature births.” Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 126:55, 1976.

Article 40: J. W. Van Der Slikke, P. E. Treffers, “Influence of induced abortion on gestational duration in subsequent pregnancies,” British Medical Journal, 4 February 1978, 270.

Article 41: Saroj Saigal, M.D., FRCPC; David Feeny, PhD; Peter Rosenbaum, M.D., FRCPC; William Furlong, BSc; Elizabeth Burrows, MBA; Barbara Stoskoph, RN, MHSc, “Self-perceived Health Status and Health-Related Quality of Life of Extremely Low-Birth-Weight Infants at Adolescence,” JAMA, August 14, 1996 — Vol 276. No. 6

Article 42: Eaves, Linda C., M.S., Nuttall, J.C., M.Ed., Klonoff, H., Ph.D., and Dunn, H.G, M.B., M.R.C.P., “Developmental and psychological test scores In children of low birth weight,” Departments of Psychiatry and Paediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. Received June 21, 1968, revision accepted for publication September 5, 1969.

Citations from this article:

13. Heimer, C. B., Cutler, R., and Freedman, A. M.: “Neurological sequelae of premature birth.” Amer. J. Dis. Child., 108:122, 1964.

27. McDonald, A.: “Retarded foetal growth.” In Dawkins, M., and MacGregor, W. G., ed., “Gestational Age, Size and Maturity.” Clinics in Developmental Medicine No. 19. London Spastics Society Medical Education and Information Unit, Wm. Heinemann Medical books, pp. 14-27, 1965.

29. Drillien, c. M.: “Prognosis of intrauterine growth. Memoirs XII International congress of Pediatrics,” Vol. 1, Mexico City, December 1-7, 1968, p. 180, 1968.

Article 43: Harper, P.A., M.D., and Wiener, G., Ph.D., “Sequelae of low birth weight,” Department of Maternal and Child Health, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland. This is a chapter of a book which name is not available. The survey for the chapter was completed in 1964.

Citations from this article:

2. Alberman, E, Develop. Med. Child Neurol., 5, 388-91 (1963)

7. Baltimore Study (Unpublished Data, Department of Maternal and Child Health, Johns Hopkins University)

18. Douglas, J. W. B., and Bloomfield, J. M., Children Under Five (Allen and Unwin, London, 1958)

28. Drillien, C. M., Develop. Med. Child Neurol., 5, 3-13 (1963)

29. Drillien, C. M. The Growth and Development of the Prematurely Born Infant, (Williams & Wilkins Co., Baltimore, 1964)

36. James, J. A., Pediatrics, 22, 154-60 (1958)

40. Latham, E. F., Nesbitt, R. E. L., Jr., and Anderson, G. W., Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp., 96, 173-98 (1955)

44. McDonald, A. D., Brit. Med. J., 1, 895-900 (1962)

45. McDonald, A. D., Arch Disease Childhood, 38, 579-88 (1963)

46. McDonald, A. D., Arch Disease Childhood, 39, 272-77 (1964)

49a. Miller H. C., Pediatrics, 31, 573-79 (1963)

51. Potter, E. L., J. Am. Med. Assoc., 156, 1471-74 (1954)

52. Rider, R. V., Harper, P., Knobloch, H., and Fetter, S., . Am. Med. Assoc., 165, 1233-36 (1957)

59. Wiener, G., J. Nervous Mental Disease, 134, 129-44 (1962)

Article 44: Robinson, Nancy, M, Ph.D., and Robinson, Halbert B., Ph. D., “A follow-up study of children of low birth weight and control children at school age,” Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.

Citations from this article:

1. Benton, A. L.: “Mental development of prematurely born children.” Amer. J. Orthopsychiat. 10:719,1940.

13. Beskow, B. “Mental disturbance in premature children at school age.” Acta Paediat., 37:125, 1949.

14. Howard, P.J., and Worrell, C. H.: “Premature infants in later life: study of intelligence and personality of 22 premature infants at ages 8-19 years.” PEDIATRICS, 9:577, 1952.

15. Rogers, Martha E., Lilienfeld, A. M., and Pasamanick, B.: “Prenatal and paranatal factors in the development of childhood behavior disorders.” Acta Psychiat. Neurol. Scand., Supp. 102, 1955.

16. Uddenberg, G.: “Diagnostic studies in prematures.” Acta Psychiat. Neurol. Scand., Supp. 104, 1955. [p 433]

Article 45: Hogue, Carol J., Schoenfelder, John R., Gesler, Wilbert M., and Schachtman, Richard H., “The interactive effects of induced abortion, inter-pregnancy interval and contraceptive use of subsequent pregnancy outcome,” American Journal of Epidemiology, Vol. 107, No. 1.

Article 47: “Long-Term Complications of Induced Abortion,” WHO task force on sequelae of abortion.

Article 48: Slater, Paul E., M.D., M.P.H., Davies, A. Michael, M.C., and Harlap, Susan, M.B., B.S., “The Effect of Abortion Method on the Outcome of Subsequent Pregnancy,” The Journal of Reproductive Medicine, March 1981

Citation from this article:

17. Roht LH, Aoyama H, Leinen GE, et al: “The association of multiple induced abortions with subsequent prematurity and spontaneous abortion.” Acta Obstet Gynaecol, Jpn 1976;23:140-45.

Article 49: Hogue, Carol J. Rowland, Cates, Willard, Jr., and Tietze, Christopher, “The effects of induced abortion on subsequent reproduction,”Epidemiol Rev 4:66, 1982.

Citations from this article:

51. Obel E. “Pregnancy complications following legally induced abortion with special reference to abortion technique.” Acta Obstet Gynecol Scan 1979;58:147-52.

59. Lerner RC, Varma AO. “Prospective study of the outcome of pregnancy subsequent to previous induced abortion.” Final report, Contract no. (N01-HD-62803). New York: Downstate Medical Center, SUNY, January 1981.

77. Barsy G, Sarkany J. “Impact of induced abortions on the birth rate and infant mortality.” Demografia 1963;6:427-67.

79. Kreibich H, Ludwig A. “Early and late complications of abortion in juvenile primigravidae (including recommended measures).” Z Aerztl Fortbild (Jena) 1980;74:311-6.

103. Koller O, Eikhom SN. “Late sequelae of induced abortion in primigravidae: the outcome of the subsequent pregnancies.” Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1977;56:311-7.

110. Miltenyi K. “On the effects of induced abortion.” Demografia 1964;7:73-87.

with subsequent prematurity and spontaneous abortion.” Acta Obstet Gynaecol Jpn 1976;23:140-45.

134. Dolezal A, Divis J, Trnka V, et al. “Interruptions of pregnancy and their relation to premature labours and hypotrophic foetuses.” Cesk Gynekol 1970;35:331.

143. Pantelakis SN, Papadimitriou GC, Doxiadis SA. “Influence of induced and spontaneous abortions on the outcome of subsequent pregnancies.” Am J Obstet Gynecol 1973;116:799-805.

150. Berkowitz GS. “An epidemiologic study of preterm delivery.” Am J Epidemiol 1981;113:81-92.

152. Hungarian Central Statistical Office. “Perinatalis halalozas.” Budapest: Hungarian Central Statistical Office, 1972.

153. Dziewulska W. “Abortion in the past versus the fate of the subsequent pregnancy. State of the newborn.” Ginekol Pol 1973;44:1143-8.

154. Lampe LG, Batar I, Bernard RP, et al. “Effects of smoking and of induced abortion on pregnancy outcome.” IPPF Med Bull 1981;15:3.

155. Mocsary P, Csapo AI. “Effect of menstrual induction on prematurity rate.” Lancet 1978;1:1159-60.

171. Pakter J. O’Hare D, Nelson F, et al. “Two years’ experience in New York City with the liberalized abortion law–progress and problems.” Am J Public Health 1973;63:524-35.

173. Czeizel lA, Bognar Z, Tusnady G, et al. “Changes in mean birth weight and proportion of low-weight births in Hungary.” Br J Prev Soc Med 1970;24:146-53.

174. Garfinkel J, Chabot MJ, Pratt MW. “Infant, maternal, and childhood mortality in the United States: 1968-1973.” Rockville, MD: US Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, 1975.

175. Quick JD. “Liberalized abortion in Oregon: effects on fertility, prematurity, fetal death, and infant death.” Am J Public Health 1978;68:1003-8.

176. Wallace HM. “Status of infant and perinatal morbidity and mortality: a review of the literature.” Public Health Rep 1978;93: 386-92.

177. Grossman M, Jacobowitz S. “Variations in infant mortality rates among counties of the United States: the roles of public policies and programs.” Demography 1981;18:695-713.

Article 50: Bracken, Michael B. and Holford, Theodore, R., “Induced abortion and congenital malformations in

offspring of subsequent pregnancies,” American Journal of Epidemiology, Vol 108, No. 4, 1979.

Article 52:

Glen P. Aylward, Ph.D., Steven I. Pfeiffer, Ph.D., Anne Wright, BA, and Steven J. Verhulst, Ph.D., “Outcome studies of low birth weight infants published in the last decade: A metaanalysis,” The Journal of Pediatrics, October 1989, 515.

Article 53:

Katrina De Hirsch, F.C.S.T., Jeannette Jansky, M.S., and William S. Langford, M.D., “Comparisons Between Prematurely and Maturely Born Children at Three Age Levels,” Amer. J. Orthopsychiatry., 36:616, 1966.

Citations from this article:

1. Benton, A. 1940. “Mental development of prematurely born children: a critical review of the literature.” Amer. J. Orthopsychiat. 10: 719-746.

4. Blegen, S. 1952. “The premature child.” Acta Paediatrica. Supplement 88.

9. Douglas, J. 1956. “Mental ability and school achievement of premature children at 8 years of age.” Brit. Med. Jour. I, 7977:1210-1214.

11. Drillien, C 1964. “The Growth and Development of the Prematurely Born Infant.” Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore.

22. Kastein, S., and E. Fowler. 1959. “Language development among survivors of premature birth.” AMA Archives of Otolaryngology. 69:131-135.

23. Kawi, A., and B. Pasamanick. 1958. “Association of factors of pregnancy with reading disorders in childhood.” J. Amer. Med. Assoc. 166:1420-1423.

Article 54: Gerald Wiener, Ph.D., Rowland V. Rider, Sc.D., Wallace C. Oppel, M.S., Liselotte K. Fischer, Ph.D., and Paul A. Harper, M.D., “Correlates of Low Birth Weight: Psychological Status at Six to Seven Years of Age,” Pediatrics, March 1965, 434.

Article 55: G. Wiener, R.V. Rider, W.C. Oppel and P.A. Harper, “Correlates of Low Birth Weight. Psychological Status at Eight to Ten Years of Age,” Pediat. Res., 2: 110-118 (1968).

Citations from this article:

2. Harper, P.A. and Wiener, G.: “Sequelae of low birth weight.” Ann Rev. Med. 16:405 (1965).

4. Wiener, G.: “Psychological correlates of premature birth: A review.” J. nerv. ment. Dis. 134:129 (1962).

Article 56: Pamela Kato Klebanov, PhD, Jean Brooks-Gunn, PhD, and Marie C McCormick, M.D., ScD, “Classroom Behavior of Very Low birth Weight Elementary School Children,” Pediatrics, Vol 94, No. 5, November 1994, 700.

Citations from this article:

1. Klein N, Hack M, Gallagher J, Fanaroff AA. “Preschool performance of children with normal intelligence who were very low-birth-weight infants.” Pediatrics. 1985;75:531-537.

6. McCormick MC, Gortmaker SL, Sobol AM. “Very low birth weight children: behavior problems and school difficulties in a national sample.” J Pediatr. 1990;117:687-693.

7. Beranish AL, Brooks-Gunn J, McCormick MC. “Behavioral problems in the two- to five-year old: measurement and prognostic ability.” J Dev Behave Pediatr. 1994, in press.

8. Achenbach TM, Edelbrock CS, Howell CT. “Empirically-based assessment of the behavior/emotional problems of 2- and 3- year old children.” Monogr Soc Res Child Dev. 1987; 46:(1, Serial No. 188).

9. Field TM, Dempsy JR, Shuman HH. “Developmental assessments of infants surviving the respiratory distress syndrome.” In : “Field TM,” Sostek AM, Goldberg S, Shuman HH, eds. Infants Born at Risk. New York: Spectrum Publications; 1979:261-280.

10. Towle PO, Bach ME, Hauck DL, Katzenstein MS, Dweck HS, Crimmings DB. “Preschool behavior problems of neonatal intensive care unit graduates.” Paper presented at the Biennial Meeting of the Society for Research Child Development, Washington DC; 1987.

11. Drillien CM, “The incidence of mental and physical handicaps in school-age children of very low birthweight.” Pediatrics 1961;17:452-464.

32. Conners CK. “A teacher’s rating scale for use in drug studies with children.” Am J Psychiatry. 1969;126:152-156.

37. Harter S. “The perceived competence scale for children.” Child Dev. 1982;53:87-97.

51. Drillien CM. “The Growth and Development of the Prematurely Born Infant.” Edinburgh: Livingstone; 1964.

52. McBurney AK, Eaves LC. “Evolution of developmental and psychological test scores.” In: Bunn HG, ed. “Sequelae of Low Birthweight: The Vancouver Study,” Philadelphia: Lippincott; 1986:54-67.

53. Hack M, Breslau N, Aram D, Weissman B, Klein N, Borawski-Clark E. “The effect of very low birth weight and social risk on neurocognitive abilities at school age.” J Dev Behav Pediatr. 1992; 13/6:412-420.

54. Hoy EA, Bill JM, Sykes DH. “Very low birthweight: a long-term developmental impairment?” Int J Behav Dev. 1988;11:37-67.

55. McCormick MC. “Long-term follow-up of NICU graduates.” JAMA. 1989;261:1767-1772.

Article 57: Wiener, Gerald, Ph.D., “Psychologic Correlates of Premature Birth: A Review,” J. Nerv. Ment. Dis, 134:129, 1962.

Citations from this article:

7. Blegan, S.D. “The premature child.” Acta Paediat., 42:No. 88, 1952.

9. Dann, M., Levine S.Z. and New, E.V. “The development of prematurely born children with birth weights or minimal postnatal weights of 1000 grams or less.” Pediatrics, 22:1037-1053, 1958.

10. Davis, D.C. “Comparative study of the growth and development of premature and full term children with special reference to oral communication.” Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 1951.

12. Douglas, J.W.B. “Mental ability and school achievement of premature children at eight years of age.” Brit. Med. J., 1: 1210-1214, 1956.

13. Douglas, J.W.B. “‘Premature’ children at primary school.” Brit. Med. J., 1:1008-1013, 1960.

14. Drillien, C.M. “Growth and development in a group of children of very low birth weight.” Arch. Dis. Child., 33:10-18, 1958.

24. Harper, P.A., Fischer, L.K. and Rider, R.V. “Neurological and intellectual status of prematures at three to five years of age.” J. Pediat., 55:679-690, 1959.

32. Lezine, I. “Le development psychomoteur des jeunes prematures.” Etudes Neo-Natales, 7:1-50, 1958.

41. Uddenberg, G. “Diagnostic studies of prematures.” Acta Psychiat. Scan. Supp., No. 104, 1955.

Article 59a: “Birth Weight and Cardiovascular Risk,” Family Planning Perspectives, Nov/Dec 1997.

Article 59b: Marie C. McCormick, MD, ScD, “Long-term Follow-up of Infants Discharged From Neonatal Intensive Care Units,” JAMA, 24/31 March 1989, 1767.

Citation from this article:

35. Hoy EA, Bill JM, Sykes DH. “Very low birthweight: a long term developmental impairment?” Int J Behav Dev. 1988;11:37-67.

Article 61: [Untitled. From source shown. Page numbers not available because from E-mail.]

Article 62: Michael Dawkins and W. G. MacGregor, “Gestational Age, Size and Maturity,” Clinics in Developmental Medicine No. 19, (Spastics Society Medical Education and Information Unit in Association with William Heinemann Medical Books, Ltd., 1966)

Citations from this article:

1. C. M. Drillien, “The Growth and Development of the Prematurely Born Infant,” Edinburgh and London: E. & S. Livingstone

2. A. D. McDonald, “Neurological and ophthalmic disorders in children of very low birth weight,” Brit. med. J., 1, 895.

3. N. R. Butler and D. G. Bonham, “Perinatal Mortality.” The first report of the 1958 British Perinatal Mortality Survey. Edinburgh & London: E. and S. Livingstone.

Article 63: Gerald Wiener, Ph.D., “Scholastic Achievement at Age 12-13 of Prematurely born Infants,” The Journal of Special Education, Vol. 2, No. 3., 237, 1968.

Article 64: Alison D. McDonald, M.D., D.P.H., D.C.H., “Neurological and Ophthalmic Disorders in Children of Very Low Birth Weight,” British Medical Journal, 31 March 62, 5282.

Citations from this article:

1. Drillien, C. M. (1961a). Pediatrics, 27, 452.

3. McDonald, A. D. (1961). Brit J. prev. soc. Med., 15,154.

Article 65: J. A. James, M.B., M.R.C.P., “The later health of premature infants: A field for further study,” Pediatrics, July 1958, 154.

Citations from this article:

3. Douglas, J.W.B., and Mogford, C.: “Health of premature children from birth to four years.” Brit. M.J., 1:748, 1953.

4. Crosse, V.M.: “The Premature Baby,” 3rd Ed. Philadelphia, Blakiston, 1952.

5. Blegen, S.D.: “The premature child. Incidence aetiology, mortality, and fate of the survivors.” Acta Paediat., 42:suppl. 88, 1953.

6. Alm, I.: “Long-term prognosis for prematurely born children.” Acta Paediat., 42: suppl. 94, 1953.

Article 66: Herbert C. Miller, M.D., “Respiratory Distress Syndrome of Newborn Infants: III. Statistical Evaluation of Factors Possibly affecting Survival of Premature Infants,” Pediatrics, April 1963, 573.

Article 67: Margaret Dann, M.D., S. Z. Levine, M.D., and Elizabeth V. New, M.A, “A Long-Term Follow-up Study of Small Premature Infants,” Pediatrics, June 1964, 945.

Citation from this article:

1. Dann, M., Levine, S. Z., and New, E. V.: “The development of prematurely born children with birth weights of minimal postnatal weights of 1,000 grams or less.” Pediatrics, 22:1037, 1958.

Article 69: George W. Anderson and Robert E. L. Nesbitt, Jr., “The Clinical and Pathologic Aspects of Premature Perinatal Death,” Bulletin Johns Hopkins Hospital, 97, 1955, 113-135.

Citation from this article:

19. Potter, E. L. and Dieckmann, W. J.: “Fetal and infant mortality for the Chicago Lying-In Hospital: 1941 to 1946.” Am. J. Obst. and Gynec. 1948, 56:593.

Article 71: Hildegard I. M. Rothmund, M.D., Rowland V. Rider, Sc.D., and Paul Harper, M.D., “A Field Study of Retrolental Fibroplasia in Maryland,” Pediatrics, 14:1954, 455-461.

Article 72: Denise Grady, “Hopeful birth defect study,” Contra Cost Times, 8 April 1999, A15.

Article 73: Drillien, Cecil Mary, “A Longitudinal Study of the Growth and Development of Prematurely and Maturely Born Children, Part III, Mental Development,” Archives of Disease in Childhood, received for publication 4 July 1958.

Article 74: P. M. Fitzhardinge and M. Ramsay, “The Improving Outlook for the Small Prematurely Born Infant,” Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 1973, 15, 447-459.

Article 75: Gabriel J. Escobar, Benjamin Littenberg, and Diana B. Petitti, “Outcome among surviving very low birthweight infants: a meta-analysis,” Archives of Disease in Childhood, 1991;66:204-211.

Article 76: Myron M. Cohen, M.D., David H. Weintraub, M.D., and Abraham M. Lilienfeld, M.D., “The relationship of pulmonary hyaline membrane to certain factors in pregnancy and delivery,” Pediatrics, July 1980, 42.

Article 77: Babson, G. S., Kangas, J., Young, N., and Bramhall, J. L., “Growth and Development of Twins of Dissimilar Size at Birth,” Pediatrics, 33, 327-33 (1964)

Article 78: Philip G. Ney, MA, M.D., DPM, FRCP(C), “A Consideration of Abortion Survivors,” Child Psychiatry and Human Development, Vol 13(3), Spring 1983, 168

Citations from this article:

25. Lenoski EF: “Translating injury data into preventive health care services: Physical child abuse.” Dept of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, unpublished, 1976.

27. Ney PG, Hanna R: “A relationship between abortion and child abuse.” Paper given at the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons, Canada, May 1980.

Article 79: Fung, Ph.D.,Ney, Philip G., M.D., M.A., FRCP(C), FRANZCP, Tak and Adele Rose Wickett, BSN, “Relationship Between Induced Abortion and Child Abuse and Neglect: Four Studies,” Pre- and Perinatal Psychology Journal, 8(1), Fall 1993.

Citation from this article:

9. Tonkin, R. (1979). “Mortality in childhood.” B.C. Med Asso J 21: 212.

Article 80: Ney, Philip, M.D., “Relationship Between Abortion and Child Abuse,” Can. J. Psychiatry, Vol. 24, 1979, 610.

Citations from this article:

33. Gyomroi, E.L.: “The analysis of a young concentration camp victim.” Psychoanal Study Child, 18: 484-498, 1963.

70. Tonkin, R.: “Mortality in Childhood”, B.C. Med Assoc J. 21:212, 1979.

Article 82: Bacola, E., Behrle, F.C., De Schweinitz, L., Miller, H.C. & Mira, M., “Perinatal and Environmental Factors in Late Neurogenic Sequelae, I. Infants Having Birth Weights Under 1,500 Grams,” (1966) Am J. Dis. Child. 112, 359-368

Citations from this article:

1. Knobloch, H., et al: “Neuropsychiatric Sequelae of Prematurity,” JAMA, 161:581, 1956.

2. Dann, M.; Levine S.Z.; and New, E.V.: “The Development of Prematurely Born Children \with Birth Weights of 1000 Grams or Less,” Pediatrics 22:1037, 1958.

3. Harper, P.A.; Fischer, L.K.: and Rider, R.V.: “Neurological and Intellectual Status of Prematures at Three to Five Years of Age.” J Pediat 55: 679, 1959.

4. Drillien, C.M.: “The Incidence of Mental and Physical Handicaps in School-Age Children of Very Low Birth Weight,” Pediatrics 27:452, 1961.

5. Grewar, D.A.I.; Medovy, H.; and Wylie, K.O.: “The Fate of the Ex-Premature–Prognosis of Prematurity,” Canad Med Assoc J, 86:1008, 1962.

6. Lubchenco, L.Q., et al: “Sequelae of Premature Birth,” Amer J Dis Child, 106:101, 1963.

7. McDonald, A.D.: “Cerebral Palsy in Children With Very Low Birth Weight,” Arch Dis Child, 38:579, 1963.

8. Dann, M.; Levine, S.Z.; and New, E.V.: “A Long-Term Follow-Up Study of Small Premature Infants,” Pediatrics, 33:945, 1964.

9. Robinson, N.M., and Robinson, H.B.: “A Follow-Up Study of Children of Low Birth Weight and Control Children at School Age,” Pediatrics, 35:425, 1955.

10. Kantero, R.L.; Frisk, M.; and Holmstrom, G.: “Small Prematures at 6-7 Years of Age,” Ann Paediat Fenn, 11:169, 1965.

Article 84: De Hirsch, K., Jansky, J. J., & Langford, W. S. The oral language performance of premature children and controls. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 1964, 29, 60-69.

Article 85: Harmeling, J. D., & Jones, M. B. Birthweights of high school dropouts. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 1968, 38 63-66.

Citations from this article:

4. Pasamanick, B., and H. Knobloch, 1964. “The epidemiology of reproductive casualty.” In Child Psychiatry and Prevention, D. A. VanKrevelen, ed. Stuttgart, Germany.

5. Wiener, G 1962. “Psychologic correlates of premature birth: a review.” J. Nerv. and Ment. Diseases, 134:129-144.

Article 86: Howard, P., and C. Worrell. 1952. “Premature infants in later life.” Pediatrics. 9:577-584.

Article 87: Drillien, Cecil M.: “A longitudinal study of the growth and development of prematurely and maturely born children. VII. Mental development 2-5 years.” Arch. Dis. Child., 36:233, 1961.

Article 88: Fitzhardinge, P. M. & Steven, E. M., “The Small-For-Date infant. II. Neurological and Intellectual Sequelae,” Pediatrics, 1972, 50, 50-57

Article 89: C. M. Drillien, “Growth and development in a group of children of very low birthweight.” Achieves of Diseases of Children, 1958, 33, 10-18.

Article 90: Cecil Mary Drillien, M.D., “The Incidence of Mental and Physical Handicaps in School-Age Children of Very Low Birth Weight,” Pediatrics, 27:452, 1961.

Article 91: Susan K. Cummins, M.D., MPH, Karin B. Nelson, M.D., Judith K Grether, PhD, and Ellen M. Velie, MPH, “Cerebral palsy in four northern California counties, births 1983 through 1985,” Journal Pediatrics, 1993; 123:230-237.

Article 92: Tamar Lewin, “Study: Low birthweight has effect on education,” Contra Costa Times, 5 July 2000, A8.

Citation from this article

1. American Sociological Review, June 2000.

Article 93: Vernon, M. “Prematurity and Deafness: The Magnitude and Nature of the Problem among Deaf Children,” Exceptional Children, 1967, 30, 289-298.

Citations from this article:

1. Bishop, E. H. “Prematurity: etiology and management.” Postgraduate Medicine, 1964, 35, 185-188.

6. DeHirsch, K., Jansky, J., and Langford, W. S. “Comparisons between prematurely and maturely born children at three age levels.” Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 1966, 36, 616-628.

7. Douglas, J. W. B. “The age at which premature children walk.” Medical Officer, 1956, 95, 33-35. (a)

11. Knobloch, Hilda, Rider, R., Harper, P., and Pasamanick, B. “Neuropsychiatric sequelae of prematurity: A longitudinal study.” Journal of the American Medical Association, 1956, 161, 581-585.

17. Nesbitt, R. E. L., Jr. “Perinatal casualties.” Children, 59, 6, (4), 123-128.

20. Silverman, W. A. Dunham’s premature infants (Third edition). Springfield, Illinois: Paul B. Hoeber, 1961.

22. Vernon, M. “Multiply handicapped deaf children: A study of the significance and causes of the problem.” Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Claremont Graduate School and University Center, 1966.

Article 94: D. Hollander, “After Abortion, Danish Women’s Odds of Preterm Delivery Are Doubled,” Family Planning Perspectives, July/August 2000, 200.

Article 95: J. Yerushalmy, Ph.D., Bea J. van denBerg, M.D., C. L. Erhardt, Sc.D., and H. Jacobziner, M.D., “Birth Weight and Gestation as Indices of ‘Immaturity,’” American Journal of Disease in Childhood, January 1995, 43.

Article 96: Stewart, A.L. & Reynolds, E.O.R. (1974), “Improved Prognosis for Infants of Very Low Birthweight,” Pediatrics (Springfield), 54, 724.

Article 97: M. Sam Rabinovitch, Ph.D., R. Bibace, Ph. D., and H. Caplan, M.D., “Sequelae of Prematurity: Psychological Test Findings,” Canadian Medical Association Journal, 15 April 1961, 822.

Article 98: Rowland V. Rider, Sc.D., Matthew Taback, Sc.D., F.A.P.H.A., and Hilda Knobloch, M.D., Dr. P.H., F.A.P.H.A., “Associations Between Premature Birth and Socioeconomic Status,” American Journal of Public Health, August 1955, 1022.

Article 99: Margot van de Bor, S. Pauline Verloove-Vanhorick, Ronald Brand, Marc J. N. C. Keirse, and Jan H. Ruys, “Incidence and prediction of periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage in very preterm infants,” Journal of Perinatal Medicine, 15 (1987), 333.

Citations from this article:

1. Ahmann PA, A Lazarra, FD Dykes, AW Brann, JF Schwarz: “Intraventricular hemorrhage in the high-risk preterm neonate: Incidence and outcome.” Ann Neurol 7 (1980) 118

6. Dolfin T, MB Skidmore, KW Fong, EM Hoskins, AT Shennan: “Incidence, severity and timing of sub-ependymal and intraventricular hemorrhage in pre-term infants born in a perinatal unit as detected by serial real time ultrasound.” Pediatrics 71 (1983) 541

11. Harbor JD, M Pasnick, TL McAuliffe, JF Lucey: “Obstetric events and risk of periventricular hemorrhage in premature infants.” AJDC 137 (1983) 678

12. Hawgood S, J Spong, VYH You: “Intraventricular hemorrhage.” AJDC 138 (1984) 136

13. Hutchinson AA, JM Barrett, AC Fleischer: “Intraventricular hemorrhage in the premature infant.” N Engl J Med 307 (1982) 1227

19. Shinnar S, RA Molteni, K Gammon, BJ D’Souza, J Altman, JM Freeman: “Intraventricular hemorrhage in the premature infant.” N Engl J Med 396 (1982) 1464

21 Szymonowizc W, VYH You, FE Wilson: “Antecedents of periventricular haemorrhage in infants weighing 1250 g or less at birth.” Arch Dis Child 59 (1984) 13

Article 100: “The Scottish low birthweight study: II. Language attainment, cognitive status, and behavioural problems,” Archives of Disease in Childhood, 1992; 67:682.

Citations from this article:

5. Klein N, Hack M, Gallagher J, Fanaroff AA. “Preschool performance of children with normal intelligence who were very low birthweight infants.” Pediatrics 1985; 75:531-7.

8. Rantakallio P, Wendt L. “Prognosis for low birthweight children up to the age of 14 years: a population study.” Dev Med Child Neurol 1985;27:655-63.

9. Lloyd BW, Wheldall K, Perks D. “Controlled study of intelligence and school performance of very low birthweight children from a defined geographical area.” Dev Med Child Neurol 1988;30:36-42.

10. Saigal S, Szatmari P, Rosenbaum P, Campbell D, King S. “Intellectual and functional status at school entry of children who weighed 1000 g or less at birth: a regional perspective of births in the 1980s.” J Pediatr 1990;116:409-16.

23. Zubrick SR, Macartney H, Stanley FJ. “Hidden handicap in school-age children who received neonatal intensive care.” Dev Med Child Neurol 1988; 30:145-52.

Article 101: Brent Rooney, “Dead Infants, Cerebral Palsy & Informed Medical Consent,” www.vcn.bc.ca/whatsup/, 20 June 2000

Citations from this article:

1. Buyer G, et al., Pediatrics, 1999;104:1229-1246

66:204-211

6. Guyer B, et al., Pediatrics, 1998;102:1333-1349

7. [book] Gersh E, et al., Children with Cerebral Palsy, Chapter 1, page 14

8. Pickering RM, et al, British J Obs & Gyn, 1985;92:1106-1112

9. Moore ML, et al, Preventive Med, 1992;21:98-109

10. Zhou W, et al, Obs & Gyn, 1999;94:948-953

11. Berkowitz G, Amer J Epidem, 1981;113:81-92

12. .Lang JM, et al, Epidemiology, 1996;7:369-376

13. Lieberman E, et al., NEJM, 1987;317:743-748

14. Guzick DS, et al, Amer J Obs & Gyn, 1989;160:829-837

15. Shiono PH, et al, Amer J Public Health, 1986;76:1317-1321

21. Luke B, “Every Pregnant Woman’s Guide to Preventing Premature Birth,” 32-33

Article 102: This article is for now (6/00) untitled. It is supposed to be a David Reardon article to be published in late 00.

Citations from this article:

2. Gersh ES. ”Children with Cerebral Palsy 1998;” chapter 1:page 14

5 Zhou W, Sorenson HT, Olsen H. “Induced Abortion and Subsequent Pregnancy Duration.” Obstetrics & Gynecology 1999;94:948-953

6. Pickering RM, Forbes J. “Risk of preterm delivery and small-for-gestational age infants following abortion: a population study.” British J Obstetrics and Gynecology 1985;92:1106-1112

7. Michielutte R, Ernest JM, Moore ML, Meis PJ, Sharp PC, Wells HB, Buescher PA. “A Comparison of Risk Assessment Models for Term and Preterm Low Birthweight. Preventive Medicine,” 1992;21:98-109

9. Lieberman E, Ryan KJ, Monson RR, Schoenbaum SC. “Risk Factors Accounting For Racial Differences in the rate of premature birth.” NEJM 1987;317: 743-748

16. Murphy CC, Yeargin-Allsopp M, Decoufle P, Drews CD. “Prevalence of cerebral palsy among ten-year-old children in metropolitan Atlanta, 1985 through 1987.” J Pediatrics 1993; 123:S13-S19 …….. [infection risk from prior induced abortion]

19. Every Pregnant Woman’s Guide to Preventing Premature Birth, Professor Barbara Luke, University of Michigan, 1995.

Article 103: WHO Task Force on Sequelae of Abortion, “Gestation, Birth-Weight, and Spontaneous Abortion in Pregnancy after Induced Abortion,” The Lancet, 20 January 1979, 142.

Citations from this article:

1. Klinger, A. Ther Umsch med Biblphie, 1970, 27, 681.

2. Czeizel, A., and others, Br J prev soc Med, 1970, 24, 146.

3. Richardson, J.A., Dixon, G. Br med J, 1976, i, 1303.

4. Harlap, S., Davies, A.M. Am J Epidemiol, 1975, 102, 217.

5. Muramatsu, M., Bull Inst pub Hlth, 1972, 21, 127.

6. Daling, J.R., Emanuel, I., Lancet, 1975, ii, 170.

7. Hogue, C.J., Amer J Obst Gynec, 1975, 123, 675.

8. Daling, J.R., Emanuel, I., Lancet, 1977, 297, 1241.

9. Van der Slikke, J.R., Treffers, P.E., Br med J, 1978, i, 270.

10. Wright, C.S.W., Campbell, S., Beazley, J., Lancet, 1972, i, 1272.

13. Harlap, S., Davies, A.M., Bull Wld Hlth Org, 1975, 52, 49.

Article 104: S. Saigal, P. Szatmari, P. Rosenbaum, S. King, D. Campbell, “Cognitive abilities and school performance of extremely low birth weight children and matched term control children at age 8 years: a regional study,” J Pediatr. 1991; 118:751-760.

Citations from this article:

9. Szatmari P, Saigal S, Rosenbaum P, Campbell D, King S. “Prevalence of psychiatric disorders at five years of age among children born under 1000g Birthweight: a regional perspective.” Dev Med Child Neurol 1990;32:954-62.

10. Michelsson K, Lindahl E, Paree M, Helenius M. “Nine-year follow-up of infants weighing 1500 g or less at birth.” Acta Paediatr Scan 1984;73:835-41.

11. Klein N, Hack M, Gallagher J, Fanaroff AA. “Preschool performance of children with normal intelligence who were very low-birth-weight infants.” Pediatrics 1985;75:531-7.

12. Klein NK, Hack M, Breslau N. “Children who were very low birth weight: development and academic achievement at nine years of age.” J Dev Behav Pediatr 1989;10:32-7.

13. Lloyd BW, Wheldall K, Perks D. “Controlled study of intelligence and school performance of very low-birthweight children from a defined geographical area.” Dev Med Child Neurol 1988;30:36-42.

14. Hunt JV, Tooley WH, Harvin D. “Learning disabilities in children with birth weights<=1500 grams.” Semin Perinatol 1982;6:280-7.

33. Drillien, CM, Thomson, AJM, Burgoyne, K, “Low-birthweight children at early school-age: a longitudinal study,” London, British Medical Journal, 1989.

34. Vohr, BR, Garcia Coll, CT, “Neurodevelopmental and school performance of very low-birth-weight infants: a seven-year longitudinal study,” Pediatrics, 1985; 76:345-50.

35. Calame A, Fawer CL, Clacys V, Arrazola L, Ducret S, Jaunin L. “Neurodevelopmental outcome and school performance of very-low-birth-weight infants at 8 years of age.” Eur J Pediatr 1986;145:461-6.

36. Eilers BL, Desai NS, Wilson MA, Cunningham M.D.. “Classroom performance and social factors of children with birth weights of 1,250 grams or less: follow-up at 5 to 8 years of age.” Pediatrics 1986; 77:203-8.

37. Hunt JV, Cooper BAB, Tooley WH. “Very low birth weight in infants at 8 and 11 years of age: role of neonatal illness and family status.” Pediatrics 1988;82:596-603.

38. Crowe TK, Deitz JC, Bennett FC, TeKolste K. “Preschool motor skills of children born prematurely and not diagnosed as having cerebral palsy.” J Dev Behav Pediatr 1988; 9:189-93.

39. Smith AEA, Knight-Jones EB. “The abilities of very low-birth-weight children and their classroom controls.” Dev Med Child Neurol 1990;32:590-601.

Article 105: Carol J.R. Hogue, “An Evaluation of Studies Concerning Reproduction After First Trimester Induced Abortion,” Int. J. Gynaecol Obstet, 15:1977, 167-171.

Citations from this article:

1. “Abortion Surveillance 1974. Center for Disease Control Annual summary,” U.S. Public Health Service, Atlanta, Georgia, 1976

2. Barsy, G. & Sarkany, J., “Impact of induced abortions on the birth rate and infant mortality.” Deografia, 6:428, 1963.

3. Daling, J. R. & Emanuel, I: “Induced abortion and subsequent outcome of pregnancy: “a matched cohort study.” Lancet, 2:170, 1975.

6. Harlap, S & Davies, AM: “Late sequelae of induced abortion: complications and outcome of pregnancy and labor.” Am J Epidemiol”, 102:217, 1975.

9. Hogue, C J: “Low birth weight subsequent to induced abortion: a historical prospective study of 948 women in Skopje, Yugoslavia.” Am J Obstet Gynecol, 123:675, 1975.

14. Lembrych, V S: “Schwangerschafts-, geburts- and wochenbettverlauf nach kunstlicher uterbrechug der ersten gravidatat.” Zentralbl Gynaekol”, 94:164, 1972.

15. Liu, D T Y, Melville, H A H & Martin, T: “Subsequent gestational morbidity after various types of abortion.” Lancet, 2:431, 1972.

16. Miltenyi, K: “On the effects of induced abortion.” Demografia, 7:73, 1964.

17. Moriyama, Y & Hirokawa, O: “The relationship between artificial termicantion of pregnancy and abortion of (sic) premature birth” quoted in “Harmful effects of Induced Abortion”, p. 64, Family Planning Federation of Japan, Tokyo, 1966.

20. Pantelakis, S N, Papadimitriou, G C & Doxiadis, S A: “Influence of induced and spontaneous abortions on the outcome of subsequent pregnancies,” Am J Obstet Gynecol, 116:799, 1973.

21. Papaevangelou, G, Vrettos, A S, Papadatos, C & Alexious, D: “The effect of spontaneous and induced abortion on prematurity and birth weight, Obstet Gynaecol Br Commonw, 80:418, 1973.

22. Perinatalas halalozas. “Kozponi Statistikal Hivital,” Budapest, 1972.

23. Richardson, J A & Dixon, G: “Effects of legal termination on subsequent pregnancy,” Br Med J, 1:1303, 1976.

27. Tietze, C: “The ‘problem’ of repeat abortions.”, Family Planning PerspectivesI, 6:148, 1974.

29. Wright, C S W, Campbell, S & Beazley, J: Second-trimester abortion after vaginal termination of pregnancy, Lancet, 1:1278, 1972.

Article 106: Paula Rantakallio and Lennart von Wendt, “Prognosis for Low-Birthweight Infants up to the Age of 14: A Population Study,” Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 1985, 27, 655-663.

Citations from this article:

1. Amnell, G. (1974) mortalitet(?) och kronisk morbiditet I barnaaldern. En kohortundersokning av ar 1955 fodda Helsingforsbarn. Helsinki: Samfundet Folkhalsan.

2. Chiofalo, N., Kirschbaum, A., Fuentes, A., Cordero, M.L., Madsen, J. (1979) “Prevalence of epilepsy in children of Melipilla, Chile,” Epilepsia, 20, 261-266.

3. Dale, A., Stanley, F. J. (1980) “An epidemiological study of cerebral palsy in Western Australia, 1956-1975. II: Spastic cerebral palsy and perinatal factors.” Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 22, 13-25.

4. Davies, P.A. (1976) “Infants of very low birth weight.” In Hull, D. (Ed.) Recent Advances in Pediatrics–5. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. pp. 89-128.

5. Goodridge, D.M.G., Shorvon, S.D. (1983) “Epileptic seizures in a population of 6000. I: Demography, diagnosis and classification, and role of the hospital services.” British Medical Journal. 287, 641-647.

11. Kitchen, W.H., Rickards, A., Ryan, M.M., McDougall, A.B., Billson, F.A., Keir, E.H., Naylor, F.D. (1979) “A longitudinal study of very low-birthweight infants. II: Results of controlled trial of intensive care and incidence of handicaps.” Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 21, 582-589.

12. McFarlane, J.A. (1980) “Studies of cerebral palsy.” In Calmers, I., McIlwaine, G. (Eds.) Perinatal Audit and Surveillance. London: Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. pp 173-187.

13. Nelson, K.B., Ellengerg, J.H. (1978) “Epidemiology of cerebral palsy.” Advances in Neurology, 19, 421-435.

9. Hagberg, G, Lewerth, A., Lindberg, U. (1981b) “Mild mental retardation in Swedish school children. II: Etiolgic and pathogenic aspects.: Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica, 70, 455-452.

14. Pape, K.E., Buncic, R.J., Ashby, S., Fitzhardinge, P.M., (1978) “The status at two years of low-birthweight infants born in 1974 with birth weights of less than 1,001gm.” Journal of Pediatrices, 2, 253-260.

15. Pharoah, P.O.D. (1981) “Epidemiology of cerebral palsy: a review.” Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 74, 516-520.

19. Stanley, F.J. (1979) “An epidemiological study of cerebral palsy in Western Australia, 1956-1975: I: changes in total incidence of cerebral palsy and associated factors.: Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 21, 701-713.

20. Stewart, A.L., Reynolds, E.O.R. (1974) “Improved prognosis for infants of very low birthweight.” Pediatrics, 54, 724-735.

21. Thompson, T., Reynolds, J. (1977) “The results of intensive care therapies for neonates. I: Overall neonatal mortality rates. II: Neonatal mortality rates and long-term prognosis for low birth weight neonates.” Journal of Perinatal Medicine, 5, 59-75.

Article 107: Saroj Saigal, M.D., FRCP(C), Peter Rosenbaum, M.D., FRCP(C), Peter Szatmari, MSc, M.D., FRCP(C), and Dugal Campbell, PhD, “Learning Disabilities and School Problems in a Regional Cohort of Extremely Low Birth Weight (<1000g) Children: A Comparison with Term Controls,” Journal Dev. Behav. Pediatrics, October 1991, 294-300.

Citations from this article:

1. Saigal S, Rosenbaum P, Hattersly B, et al: “Decreased disability rate among 3-year-old survivors weighing 501 to 1000 grams at birth and born to residents of a geographically defined region from 1981 to 1984.” J Pediatr 114:839-846, 1989.

3. Vohr BR, Garcia Coll CT: “Neurodevelopmental and school performance of very low-birth-weight infants: A seven-year longitudinal study.” Pediatrics 76:345-350, 1985.

4. Calame A, Fawer CL, Claeys V, et al: “Neurodevelopmental outcome and school performance of very-low-birth-weight infants at 8 years of age.” Eur J Pediatr 145:461-466, 1986.

5. Eilers BL, Desai NS, Wilson MA, et al: “Classroom performance and social factors of children with birth weights of 1,250 grams or less: Follow-up at 5 to 8 years of age.” Pediatrics 77:203-208, 1986.

6. Lloyd BW, Wheldall K, Perks D: “Controlled study of intelligence and school performance of very low-birthweight children from a defined geographical area.” Dev Med Child Neurol 30:36-42, 1988.

7. Hunt JV, Cooper BAB, Tooley WH: “Very low birth weight infants at 8 and 11 years of age: Role of neonatal illness and family status.” Pediatrics 82:596-603, 1988.

8. Klein NK, Hack M, Breslau N: “Children who were very low birth weight: Development and academic achievement at nine years of age:” J Dev Behav Pediatr 10:32-37, 1989.

11. Saigal S, Szatmari P, Rosenbaum P, et al: “Intellectual and functional status at school entry of children who weighed 1000 grams or less at birth: A regional perspective of births in the 1980s.” J Pediatr 116:409-416, 1990.

15. Saigal S. Szatmari P, Rosenbaum P, et al: “General health, cognitive abilities and school performance of extremely low birthweight children and matched term controls at age 8 years: A regional study.” J Pediatr 118:751-760, 1991.

34. Breslau N, Klein N, Allen L: “Very low birthweight: Behavioral sequelae at nine years of age.” J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiat 27:605-612, 1988.

36. Cohen SE, Parmelee AH, Sigman M, et al: “Antecedents of school problems in children born preterm.” J Pediatr Psychol 13: 493-50?, 1988.

Article 109: Brent Rooney, “Is Cerebral Palsy Ever a ‘Choice?’,” The Post-Abortion Review, October – December 2000, 4.

Citations from this article:

4. M. Potts, “Legal Abortion in Eastern Europe,” The Eugenics Review, 59:232-250 (1967).

5. B. Luke, Every Pregnant Woman’s Guide to Preventing Premature Birth (New York: Times Book, 1995) 32.

6. E. Lieberman et. al., “Risk Factors Accounting For Racial Differences in the rate of premature birth,” New England J. Medicine, 317:743-748 (1987). For a list of other studies linking CP and low birth weight, visit www.vcan.bc.ca/~whatsup.

9. J.R. Daling & M.A. Krohn, “Miscarriage or Termination in the Immediately Preceding Pregnancy Increases the Risk of Intraamniotic Infection in the Following Pregnancy,” American J. Epidemiology, 136:1013 [SER Abstracts], (1992).

Article 110: Carol Madore, MA, Warren E. Hawes, M.D., MPH, Frank Many, BA, and Alfred C. Hexter, PhD, “A study on the effects of induced abortion on subsequent pregnancy outcome,” American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1 March 1981, 516 – 521.

Citations from this article:

1. Moriyama, Y, and Hirokawa, O.: “The relationship between artificial termination of pregnancy and abortion or premature birth, in Harmful Effects of Induced Abortion, Tokyo, 1966.” Family Planning Federation of Japan, Sanshu Printers, pp. 64-73.

2. Wright, C.S.W., Campbell, S., and Beazley, J.: “Second-trimester abortion after vaginal termination of pregnancy,” Lancet 1:1278, 1972.

3. Liu, D.T.Y., Melville, H.A.H., and Martin, T.: “Subsequent gestational morbidity after various types of abortion,” Lancet 2: 431, 1972.

4. Hungarian Central Statistical Office: “Perinatal Mortality, Budapest, 1972” (personal communication from Dr. C. Tietz).

5. Klinger, A.: “Demographic consequences of the legalization of induced abortion in eastern Europe,” Int. J. Obstet. Gyecol. 8:680, 1970.

6. Pantelakis, S.N, Papadimitriou, G. C., and Doxiadis, S.A.: “Influence of induced and spontaneous abortions on the outcome of subsequent pregnancies,” A., J. Obstet. Gynecol. 116:799, 1973.

7. Papavangelou, G., Vrettos, A.S., Papadatos, C., and Alexiou, D.: “The effects of spontaneous and induced abortion on prematurity and birthweight,” UJ. Obstet Gynaecol. Br. Commonw. 80:410, 1973.

8. Czizel, A., Bognar, Z., Tsnady, G., and Revesz, P.: “Changes in mean birthweight and proportion of low-birth weights in Hungary,” Br. J. Prev. Soc. Med. 24: 146, 1970.

9. Panayotou, P.P., Kaskarelis, D.B., Miettinen, O.S., Trichopoulos, D.B., and Kalandidi, A,K,: “Induced abortion and ectopic pregnancy,” Am J. Obstet Gynecol. 114: 507, 1972.

10. Richardson, J.A. and Dixon, G.: “Effect of legal termination on subsequent pregnancy,” Br. Med J. 1:1303, 1976.

11. Harlap, S. and Davies A.M.: “Late sequelae of induced abortion : Complications and outcome of pregnancy and labor,” Am. J. Epidemiol. 102:217, 1975.

12. Harlap, S. and Davies, A.M.: “Characteristics of pregnant women who report previous induced abortions,” Bull. World Health Organization. 52:149, 1975.

13. Roht, L.H., and Aoyama, H.: “Induced abortion and its sequelae: Prematurity and spontaneous abortion,” Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 129:868, 1974.

18. Hogue, C.J.: “Low birthweight subsequent to induced abortion,” Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 123, 675, 1975.

22. Chung, S.S., Steinhoff, P.G., Mi, P.G., and Smith, R.G.: “Term effects of induced abortion,” presented at the annual meeting of the American Public Health Association, Washington, DC, October 1977.

Article 111: R.W.I. Cooke, “Cerebral palsy in very low birthweight infants,” Archives of Disease in Childhood, 1990; 65:201-206.

Article 112: Brent Rooney, “Three elite medical researchers find new preterm birth risk,” personal communication with SOURCE, 3/22/01.

Citations from this article:

1. Zhou W, Sorenson HT, Olsen H. “Induced Abortion and Subsequent Pregnancy Duration.” Obstetrics & Gynecology 1999;94:948-953

2. Pickering RM, Forbes J. “Risk of preterm delivery and small-for-gestational age infants following abortion: a population study.” British J Obstetrics and Gynecology 1985;92:1106-1112

3. Michielutte R, Ernest JM, Moore ML, Meis PJ, Sharp PC, Wells HB, Buescher PA. “A Comparison of Risk Assessment Models for Term and Preterm Low Birthweight.” Preventive Medicine 1992;21:98-109

4. Berkowitz GS. “An Epidemiologic Study of Preterm Delivery.” American J Epidemiology 1981;113:81-92

5. Lieberman E, Ryan KJ, Monson RR, Schoenbaum SC. “Risk Factors Accounting For Racial Differences in the rate of premature birth.” NEJM 1987;317: 743-748

6. Lang JM, Lieberman E, Cohen A. “A Comparison of Risk Factors for Preterm Labor and Term Small-for-Gestational-Age Birth.” Epidemiology 1996;7:369-376

7. Mueller-Heubach E, Guzick DS. “Evaluation of risk scoring in a preterm birth prevention study of indigent patients.” Am J Obstetrics & Gyn 1989;160:829-837

8. Shiono PH, Lebanoff MA. “Ethnic Differences and Very Preterm Delivery.” Am J Public Health 1986;76:1317-1321

9. Pantelakis SN, Papadimitriou GC, Doxiadis SA. “Influence of induced and spontaneous abortions on the outcome of subsequent pregnancies.” Amer J Obstet Gynecol. 1973;116:799-805

10. Lumley J. “The association between prior spontaneous abortion, prior induced abortion and preterm birth in first singleton births.” Prenat Neonat Med 1998;3:21-24.

11. Van Der Slikke JW, Treffers PE. “Influence of induced abortion on gestational duration in subsequent pregnancies.” BMJ 1978;1:270-272 [>95% confident of preterm risk for gestation less than 32 weeks]

12. Richardson JA, Dixon G. “Effect of legal termination on subsequent pregnancy.” British Med J 1976;1:1303-1304

13. Pickering RM, Deeks JJ. “Risks of Delivery during 20th to the 36th Week of Gestation.” Intl. J Epidemiology 1991;20:456-466

14. Koller O, Eikhom SN. “Late Sequelae of Induced Abortion in Primigravidae.” Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1977;56:311-317

15. Papaevangelou G, Vrettos AS, Papadatos D, Alexiou C. “The Effect of Spontaneous and Induced Abortion on Prematurity and Birthweight.” The J Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Commonwealth. May 1973;80:418-422

16. Bognar Z, Czeizel A. “Mortality and Morbidity Associated with Legal Abortions in Hungary, 1960- 1973.” AJPH 1976;66:568-575

17. Martius JA, Steck T, Oehler MK, Wulf K-H. “Risk factors associated with preterm (<37+0 weeks) and early preterm (<32+0 weeks): univariate and multivariate analysis of 106 345 singleton births from 1994 statewide perinatal survey of Bavaira.” European J Obstetrics & Gynecology Reproductive Biology 1998;80:183-189

18. Vasso L-K, Chryssa T-B, Golding J. “Previous obstetric history and subsequent preterm delivery in Greece.” European J Obstetrics & Gynecology Reproductive Biology 1990;37:99-109

19. Ancel P-V, Saurel-Cubizolles M-J, Renzo GCD, Papiernik E, Breart G. “Very and moderate preterm births: are the risk factors different?” British J Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1999;106:1162-1170

20. Lumely J. “Very low birth-weight (<1500g) and previous induced abortion:” Victoria 1982-1983. Australian and New Zealand J of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1986;26:268-272

[infection risk from prior induced abortion]

21. Muhlemann K, Germain M, Krohn M. “Does an Abortion Increase the Risk of Intrapartum Infection in the Following Pregnancy?” Epidemiology 1996;7:194-198

22. Daling JR, Krohn MA, “Miscarriage or Termination in the Immediately Preceding Pregnancy Increases the Risk of Intraamniotic Infection in the Following Pregnancy.” American J Epi 1992;136:1013 [SER Abstracts]

23. Prof. Barbara Luke. “Every Pregnant Woman’s Guide to Preventing Premature Birth” (1995) [forward by Emile Papiernik], New York: Times Books

Article 113: The following is a 3/01 letter from Brent Rooney to Premier Dosanjh.

Citations from this article:

1. Zhou W, Sorenson HT, Olsen H. “Induced Abortion and Subsequent Pregnancy Duration.” Obstetrics & Gynecology 1999;94:948-953

4. Berkowitz GS. “An Epidemiologic Study of Preterm Delivery.” American J Epidemiology 1981;113:81-92

6. Lang JM, Lieberman E, Cohen A. “A Comparison of Risk Factors for Preterm Labor and Term Small-for-Gestational-Age Birth.” Epidemiology 1996;7:369-376

7. Mueller-Heubach E, Guzick DS. “Evaluation of risk scoring in a preterm birth prevention study of indigent patients.” Am J Obstetrics & Gyn 1989;160:829-837

8. Shiono PH, Lebanoff MA. “Ethnic Differences and Very Preterm Delivery.” Am J Public Health 1986;76:1317-1321

10. Lumley J. “The association between prior spontaneous abortion, prior induced abortion and preterm birth in first singleton births.” Prenat Neonat Med 1998;3:21-24.

16. Bognar Z, Czeizel A. “Mortality and Morbidity Associated with Legal Abortions in Hungary,” 1960- 1973. AJPH 1976;66:568-575

17. Martius JA, Steck T, Oehler MK, Wulf K-H. “Risk factors associated with preterm (<37+0 weeks) and early preterm (<32+0 weeks): univariate and multi- variate analysis of 106 345 singleton births from 1994 statewide perinatal survey of Bavaira.” European J Obstetrics & Gynecology Reproductive Biology 1998;80:183-189

18. Vasso L-K, Chryssa T-B, Golding J. “Previous obstetric history and subsequent preterm delivery in Greece.” European J Obstetrics & Gynecology Reproductive Biology 1990;37:99-109

19. Ancel P-V, Saurel-Cubizolles M-J, Renzo GCD, Papiernik E, Breart G. “Very and moderate preterm births: are the risk factors different?” British J Obtetrics and Gynaecology 1999;106:1162-1170

20. Lumley J. “The epidemiology of preterm birth.” Bailliere’s Clin Obstet Gynecology. 1993;7(3): 477-498

23. Prof. Barbara Luke. “Every Pregnant Woman’s Guide to Preventing Premature Birth” (1995) [forward by Emile Papiernik], New York: Times Books

24. Gersh ES. “Children with Cerebral Palsy” 1998; chapter 1:page 14; DD: 618.92836 C53G1, ISBN: 0933149824

27. Escobar GJ, Littenberg B, Petitti DB. “Outcome among surviving very low birthweight infants; a meta-analysis.” Arch Dis Child 1991;66:204-211

30. Rooney B. “Having an induced abortion increases risk in future pregnancies.” British Medical J 2001;322:430

Article 114: Khalid Aziz, David B. Vickar, Reginald S. Sauve, Philop C. Etches, Kerrie S. Paine, and Charlene M. T. Robertson, “Province-Based Study of Neurologic Disability of Children Weighing 500 Through 1249 Grams at Birth in Relation to Neonatal Cerebral Ultrasound Findings,” Pediatrics, 6 June 1995, 837.

Citation from this article:

34. Levine MS. “Cerebral palsy diagnoses in children over age 1 year: standard criteria.” ;Arch Phy Med Rehabil. 1980;61:385-389.

Article 115: Brent Rooney, “Is Cerebral Palsy Ever a ‘Choice’?,” December 2000, www.bcn.bc.ca

Citations from this article:

4. Escobar GJ, Littenberg B, Petitti DB. “Outcome among surviving very low birthweight infants; a meta-analysis.” Arch Dis Child 1991;66:204-211

5. Guyer B, et al. “Annual Survey of Vital Statistics-1998.” Pediatrics 1999;104:1229-1246

6. Luke B. “Every Pregnant Woman’s Guide To Preventing Premature Birth.” 1995. New York, Times Books. DD 618.24 L95E. ISBN 081292472X

12. Zhou W, Sorenson HT, Olsen H. “Induced Abortion and Subsequent Pregnancy Duration.” Obstetrics & Gynecology 1999;94:948-953

13. Berkowitz GS. “An Epidemiologic Study of Preterm Delivery.” American J Epidemiology 1981;113:81-92

14. Lang JM, Lieberman E, Cohen A. “A Comparison of Risk Factors for Preterm Labor and Term Small-for-Gestational-Age Birth.” Epidemiology 1996;7:369-376

15. Lieberman E, Ryan KJ, Monson RR, Schoenbaum SC. “Risk Factors Accounting For Racial Differences in the rate of premature birth.” NEJM 1987;317: 743-748

16. *Hillier SL, Nugent RP, Eschenbach DA, Krohn MA, et al. “Association Between Bacterial Vaginosis And Preterm Delivery Of A Low-Birth-Weight Infant.” NEJM 1995;333:1737-1742

17. Schoenbaum LS, Monson RR. “No association between coffee consumption and adverse outcomes of pregnancy.” NEJM 1982;306:141-145

18. Mueller-Heubach E, Guzick DS. “Evaluation of risk scoring in a preterm birth prevention study of indigent patients.” Am J Obstetrics & Gyn 1989;160:829-837

19. Shiono PH, Lebanoff MA. “Ethnic Differences and Very Preterm Delivery.” Am J Public Health 1986;76:1317-1321

20. Pantelakis SN, Papadimitriou GC, Doxiadis SA. “Influence of induced and spontaneous abortions on the outcome of subsequent pregnancies.” Amer J Obstet Gynecol. 1973;116:799-805

21. Lumley J. “The association between prior spontaneous abortion, prior induced abortion and preterm birth in first singleton births.” Prenat Neonat Med 1998;3:21-24.

22. Van Der Slikke JW, Treffers PE. “Influence of induced abortion on gestational duration in subsequent pregnancies.” BMJ 1978;1:270-272 [>95% confident of preterm risk for gestation less than 32 weeks]

23. Richardson JA, Dixon G. “Effect of legal termination on subsequent pregnancy.” British Med J 1976;1:1303-1304

24. Pickering RM, Deeks JJ. “Risks of Delivery during 20th to the 36th Week of Gestation.” Intl. J Epidemiology 1991;20:456-466

25. Koller O, Eikhom SN. “Late Sequelae of Induced Abortion in Primigravidae.” Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1977;56:311-317

26. Papaevangelou G, Vrettos AS, Papadatos D, Alexiou C. “The Effect of Spontaneous and Induced Abortion on Prematurity and Birthweight.” The J Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Commonwealth. May 1973;80:418-422

27. Bognar Z, Czeizel A. “Mortality and Morbidity Associated with Legal Abortions in Hungary, 1960-1973.” AJPH 1976;66:568-575

28. Martius JA, Steck T, Oehler MK, Wulf K-H. “Risk factors associated with preterm (<37+0 weeks) and early preterm (<32+0 weeks): univariate and multi-variate analysis of 106 345 singleton births from 1994 statewide perinatal survey of Bavaira.” European J Obstetrics & Gynecology Reproductive Biology 1998;80:183-189

29. Vasso L-K, Chryssa T-B, Golding J. “Previous obstetric history and subsequent preterm delivery in Greece.” European J Obstetrics & Gynecology Reproductive Biology 1990;37:99-109

30.* Ancel P-V, Saurel-Cubizolles M-J, Renzo GCD, Papiernik E, Breart G. “Very and moderate preterm births: are the risk factors different?” British J Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1999;106:1162-1170

31. Lumley J. “The epidemiology of preterm birth.” Bailliere’s Clin Obstet Gynecology. 1993;7(3): 477-498

32. *Michielutte R, Ernest JM, Moore ML, Meis PJ, Sharp PC, Wells HB, Buescher PA. “A Comparison of Risk Assessment Models for Term and Preterm Low Birthweight.” Preventive Medicine 1992;21:98-109

33. Grindel B, Lubinski H, Voigt M. “Induced abortion in primigravidae and subsequent pregnancy, with particular attention of underweight.” Zentralbl Gynaekol 1979;101:1009-1114

34. Kreibich H, Ludwig A. “Early and late complications of abortion in juvenile primigravidae (including recommended measures).” Z Aerztl Fortbild (Jena) 1980;74:311-316

35. Zwahr C, Voigt M, Kunz L, et al. “Relationships between interruption abortion, and premature birth and low birth weight.” Zentrabl Gynaekol 1980;102: 738-747

36. Pickering RM, Forbes J. “Risk of preterm delivery and small-for-gestational age infants following abortion: a population study.” British J Obstetrics and Gynecology 1985;92:1106-1112

[* signifies studies that did not distinguish between spontaneous and induced abortions; Lumley (21) found the preterm risk from these two sources were close in relative risk magnitudes]

Article 116: Brent Rooney, “Having an induced abortion increases risk in future pregnancies,” BMJ, 17 February 2001, 430. A letter to the editor from Reduce Preterm Risk Coalition, 3456 Dunbar St (146), Vancouver, Canada V6S 2C2.

Citations from this article:

1. Nybo Andersen A-M, Wohlfahrt J, Christens P, Olsen J, Melbye M. “Maternal age and fetal loss: population based register linkage study.” BMJ 2000; 320: 1708-1712 (24 June.)

2. Melbye M, Wohlfahrt J, Andersen A-MN, Westergaard T, Andersen PK. “Preterm delivery and risk of breast cancer.” Br J Cancer 1999; 80: 609-613

3. Zhou W, Sorenson HT, Olsen H. “Induced abortion and subsequent pregnancy duration.” Obstet Gynecol 1999; 94: 948-953

4. Lieberman E, Ryan KJ, Monson RR, Schoenbaum SC. “Risk factors accounting for racial differences in the rate of premature birth.” N Engl J Med 1987; 317: 743-748

5. Berkowitz GS. “An epidemiologic study of preterm delivery.” Am J Epidemiol 1981; 113: 81-92

Article 117: McCormick MC, Brooks-Gunn J., Workman-Daniels K, Turner J, Peckham GJ. “The health and development status of very low-birth-weight children at school age.” JAMA. 1992;267:2204-2208.

Citations from this article:

4. Office of Technology assessment. Neonatal Intensive Care for Low Birthweight Infants: Costs and Effectiveness. Washington, DC: US Congress; 1987. OTA-HCS-38; “Health Technology Case Study 38.”

5. Aylward GP, Pfieffer SI, Wright A, Verhulst SJ. “Outcome studies of low birth weight infants published in the last decade: a meta-analysis.” J Pediatr. 1989;115:515-520.

6. Escobar GJ, Littinberg B, Pettiti, DB. “Outcome among surviving very low birthweight infants: a meta-analysis.” Arch Dis Child. 1991; 66:204-211.

9. McCormick MC. “Long-term follow-up of NICU graduates.” JAMA. 1989;261:1762-1772.

10. Hunt JV, Cooper BAB, Tooley WH. “Very low birth weight infants at 8 and 11 years of age: role of neonatal illness and family status.” Pediatrics. 1988; 82:596-603.

11. Saigal S, Szatmari P, Rosenbaum P, Campbell D, King S. “Intellectual and functional status at school entry of children who weighed 1000 grams or less at birth: a regional perspective of births in the 1980s.” J Pediatr. 1990;116:409-416.

12. McCormick MC, Gortmaker SL, Sobol AM. “Very low birth weight children: behavior problems and school difficulties in a national sample.” J Pediatr. 1990;117:687-693.

13. Hoy EA, Bell JM, Sykes DH. “Very low birth weight: a long term developmental impairment?” Int J Behav Dev. 1988;11:37-67.

14. Klein NK, Hack M, Breslau N. “Children who were very low birth weight: development and academic achievement at nine years of age.” J Dev Behav Pediatr. 1989;10:32-37.

15. Overpeck M.D., Moss AJ, Hoffman HJ, Hendershot GE. “A comparison of the childhood health status of normal birth weight and low birth weight infants.” Public Health Rep. 1989;104:58-70.

28. Teplin SW, Burchinal M, Johnson-Martin N, Humphrey RA, Kraybill EN. “Neurodevelopmental, health and growth status at age 6 of children with birth weights less than 1001 grams.” J Pediatr. 1991;168:768-777.

29. Victorian Infant Collaborative Study Group. “Eight-year outcome in infants with birth weight of 500-999 grams: continuing regional study of 1979 and 1980 births.” J Pediatr. 1991;118:761-767.

30. Saigal S, Szatmari P, Rosenbaum P, Campbell D, Kerry S. “Cognitive abilities and school performance of extremely low birth weight children and matched term control children at 8 years: a regional study.” J Pediatr. 1991;118:751-760.

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Article 118: Pierre-Yves Ancel et al., “Very and moderate preterm births: are the risk factors different?”, British J of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, November 1999, Vol. 106, 1162-1170.

Citations from this article:

1. Lumley J, “The epidemiology of preterm birth.” Baillieres Clin Obstet Gynaecol 1993; 7:477-498.

2. Lumley J, “Preventing and managing prematurity.” Int J Technol Assess Health Care 1991;7:460-477.

3. Blondel B, Breart G, du Mazaubrun C et al. “La situation perinatale en France. Evolution entre 1981 et 1995.” [The perinatal situation in France, Evolution between 1991 and 1995]. J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod 1997;26:770-780. (In French).

4. Hoffman JH, Bakketeig LS. “Risk factors associated with the occurrence of preterm birth.” Clin Obstet Gynecol 1984;27:539-552.

Article 119: Abraham M. Lilienfeld, M.D. and Behjamine Pasamanick, M.D., “The Association of Maternal and Fetal Factors with the Development of Cerebral Palsy and Epilepsy,” American Journal of Obstretrics and Gynecology, 1955, 70, 93-101.

Article 121: This really isn’t an article, but an email of 8/10/01 from Brent Rooney answering questions about cerebral palsy risk and Brent’s claim that smoking increases a persons risk of contracting lung cancer 11 fold. The smoking/lung cancer issue is to show that that risk, perceived by the public to be great, is far smaller than the risk of getting having CP if the baby was very low birth weight.